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Bloodborne Pathogens for First Responders
29 CFR 1910.1030
Bloodborne Pathogens Compliance Directive
(CPL2-2.69)
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Goals
 Transmission
of bloodborne
diseases
 Preventing exposure
and transmission
 Quiz
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Exposure at Work
 Co-worker suffers a bleeding injury
 Administering first aid
 Touching a contaminated surface
 Assigned to clean up blood
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
What are Bloodborne Pathogens?
 Disease-causing microorganisms in
human blood
 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
 Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
 Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Transmission of
Bloodborne Pathogens
 Contact with infected blood
 Body fluids containing infected blood
 Cut by a contaminated sharp object
 Other ways of transmission
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Infectious Body Fluids
 Blood
 Saliva
 Vomit
 Urine
 Other body
fluids
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Routes of Entry
 Mucous membranes
–Eyes
–Nose
–Mouth
 Non-intact skin
–Cuts
–Abrasions
–Dermatitis
–Hangnails
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)
 HIV leads to AIDS
 Depletes the immune system
 HIV does not survive outside the body
 Saliva, tears, sweat
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
 1-1.25 million Americans are infected
 Chronic liver disease, liver cancer, death
 Vaccination available since 1982
 Survives for at least one week in dried blood
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
 3.9 million Americans are infected
 70 percent suffer chronic liver disease
 8,000-10,000 deaths per year
 Drug treatment effective in only 10 percent
to 40 percent of persons
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Hepatitis Symptoms
 Jaundice
 Fatigue
 Abdominal pain
 Loss of appetite
 Nausea
 Vomiting
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Goals
 Transmission of bloodborne diseases
 Preventing exposure and transmission
 Quiz
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Exposure Control Plan (ECP)
 Determine potential exposure
 Safe work practices
 Decontamination
 Personal protective equipment (PPE)
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
ECP
 Biohazard waste
 Labels and signs
 Training
requirements
 Recordkeeping
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Universal Precautions
 Treat all blood and body fluids as if infected
 Avoid contact with infected body fluids
 Clean up and decontaminate
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Protective Barriers
 Gloves
 Eye protection
 Clothing or aprons
 Nose and mouth
protection
 CPR mask
 Impromptu barriers
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Safe Work Practices
 Remove contaminated PPE and clothing
 Disinfect contaminated equipment
 Wash up immediately after exposure
 Dispose of contaminated items
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Decontamination
 Wear protective gloves and glasses
 Body fluid disposal kit
 1/4-cup bleach per gallon water
 Disposal of contaminated items
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Biohazard Waste Disposal
 Medical waste unlikely
 Discard band-aids or tissues
 Flush down toilet
 Absorb all liquids
 Double bag and discard
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Label Waste Containers
 Labels
communicate
a hazard
 Labels not
typically required
 Universal
biohazard symbol
 Term “Biohazard”
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Exposure Incident
 A specific incident
 Contact with mucous membranes or open skin
 Report accidents involving blood
 Post-exposure medical evaluations
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Post-Exposure Evaluation
 Confidential medical evaluation
 Document route of exposure
 Identify source individual
 Test source person’s blood
 Provide results to source and exposed
employees
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Hepatitis B Vaccination
 Endorsed by medical communities
 Safe when given to infants, children,
and adults
 Offered to all potentially exposed employees
 Provided at no cost
 Vaccination declination
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Recordkeeping
 Medical records must be kept confidential
 Medical records must be made available
upon request
 Records contain status of hepatitis B vaccine
 Records contain post-exposure evaluation
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Goals
 Transmission of bloodborne diseases
 Preventing exposure and transmission
 Quiz
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Summary
 Universal precautions
 PPE and safe work practices
 Decontamination
 Exposure incident
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Quiz
1. Name two ways a person in manufacturing
might be exposed to blood.
2. Name three mucous membranes which
blood diseases can be transferred through.
3. Describe the concept of universal precautions.
4. Name the three most common bloodborne
pathogens.
5. Healthy skin is a good barrier, so name two
ways you can be infected through the skin.
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Quiz (cont.)
6.What can be used to disinfect bloodcontaminated surfaces?
7.Name two forms of PPE that should always be
worn.
8.Describe when an exposure incident occurs.
9.Describe how to dispose of bloodcontaminated items.
10.When done administering first aid, what
should you do immediately?
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Quiz Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
First-aid responder, clean up blood
Eyes, mouth, nose
Treat all blood and body fluids as if infected
HIV, HBV, HCV
Cut, abrasion, dermatitis, hangnail
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Quiz Answers (cont.)
6. Bleach and water solution
7. Gloves and eye protection
8. Blood contacts mucous membrane or
damaged skin
9. Double bag and discard in the trash
10. Wash hands with soap and water
11017133/0409 Copyright © 2004 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.