Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the work of artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download UTKEEB464_Lecture3_Evidence_2015
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
Evidence Model Credit: Tyler Keillor, photograph by Ximena Erickson, from http://blog.everythingdinosaur.co.uk/blog Brian O’Meara EEB464 Fall 2015 Learning objectives • Think like a macroevolutionary biologist/paleontologist and reconstruct a community • Learn how biologists gather evidence for macroevolutionary processes Break into groups of three. What do your “fossils” tell you? What species live there [and not just the plants]? What’s the climate like? What else can you glean from them? (wash hands after class) • Molecular fossil • Trace fossil • Body fossil • Phylogenetics • Extant organisms • Experiments Derenne et al. Molecular evidence for life in the 3.5 billion year old Warrawoona chert. Earth and Planetary Science Letters (2008) vol. 272 (1-2) pp. 476-480 Kuypers et al. Massive expansion of marine archaea during a mid-Cretaceous oceanic anoxic event. Science (2001) Hannes Grobe Worm burrow JENSEN. Predation by early Cambrian trilobites on infaunal worms-evidence from the Swedish Mickwitzia Sandstone. Lethaia (1990) Trilobite burrow © (c) CanWest MediaWorks Publications Inc.: http://www.canada.com/theprovince/news/story.html?id=5cb0c181-32ff-4663-9bca-d89fcce3a600 Currano et al. Sharply increased insect herbivory during the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. PNAS (2008) North Dakota Geological Survey Prasad et al. Dinosaur coprolites and the early evolution of grasses and grazers. Science (2005) vol. 310 (5751) pp. 1177 http://abugblog.blogspot.com/2010/05/ants-helpingplants-extrafloral.html Pemberton. Fossil extrafloral nectaries, evidence for the ant-guard antiherbivore defense in an Oligocene Populus. American Journal of Botany (1992) Butterfield. Leanchoilia guts and the interpretation of three-dimensional structures in Burgess Shale-type fossils. Paleobiology (2002) Model Credit: Tyler Keillor, photograph by Ximena Erickson, from http://blog.everythingdinosaur.co.uk/blog Wilson et al. Predation upon Hatchling Dinosaurs by a New Snake from the Late Cretaceous of India. PLoS Biol (2010) vol. 8 (3) pp. e1000322 EP - Barrett and Rayfield. Ecological and evolutionary implications of dinosaur feeding behaviour. Trends Ecol Evol (2006) vol. 21 (4) pp. 217-224 H5N1 bird flu: phylogeography & evolution Wallace et al, 2007 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5S-RAgudnww ©David Cannatella Ryan & Rand, 1995 http://www.sbs.utexas.edu/ryan/multi_media.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5S-RAgudnww ©David Cannatella Ryan & Rand, 1995 Weir & Schluter, 2007 Stickleback speciesColumbia. pair from Paxton Lake, British Gravid benthic top, gravid limnetic bottom. Photo by Todd Hatfield, taken from http://www.zoology.ubc.ca/~schluter/stickleback/stickleback_species_pairs/Stickleback_Species_Pairs.htm ©Alex Wild, Myrmecos.net Wade. Group selections among laboratory populations of Tribolium. P Natl Acad Sci Usa (1976) vol. 73 (12) pp. 4604 • Molecular fossil Think of macroevolutionary questions. Which source(s) of evidence would you use to address these? • Trace fossil • Body fossil • Phylogenetics • Extant organisms • Experiments
Related documents