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NUECES COUNTY Electrical Safety On the Job Unqualified Worker Session Objectives Understand the hazards of electricity Identify and avoid common electrical hazards Follow safe work practices around electrical equipment How Does Electricity Work? Electrical Hazards Contact with power lines Contact with damaged electrical equipment Improper wiring Overloading Unsafe work practices Electrical Injuries Cardiac arrest and respiratory failure Burns © Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110 Muscle, nerve, and tissue destruction Secondary injuries Thermal burns How Electrical Shock Occurs Contact with: Electrical energy Two current-conducting wires at different voltages An energized wire and a grounded object © Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110 Severity of Electrical Shock Amount of electrical current—higher is more dangerous Duration—longer is more dangerous Path through the body—through the heart is most dangerous Effects of Electrical Current on the Body 0.5–3 mAmp Faint, tingling sensation 6–30 mAmp Painful shock, severe muscle contractions , no muscle control 50–150 mAmp Extremely painful shock, respiratory arrest, severe muscle contractions, death may occur 1–4 Amp Ventricular fibrillation, nerve damage, death is likely 10 Amp Cardiac arrest, severe burns, death is probable Injuries from Electrical Shock Electrocution Injuries Secondary injuries Arc Flash and Arc Blast Arc Flash—electricity flows through the air Arc Blast—pressure wave from an arc flash Image Credit: OSHA Electrical Burns Burns are a common shock-related injury Electricity generates heat in the body Thermal burns from hot surfaces and fires Electrical Burns (cont.) Match the current to the body’s response 0.5 to 3 mAmp Ventricular fibrillation; death likely 6 to 30 mAmp Cardiac arrest; probable death 50 to 150 mAmp 1 to 4 Amp 10 Amp Extremely painful shock; possible death Painful shock; loss of muscle control Faint, tingling sensation Electrical Hazards— Any Questions? Do you understand: The hazards and injuries of electricity in the workplace? Emergency Response and First Aid for Electrical Shock Do not touch! Shut off electrical current Call for help Administer first aid and CPR Using an AED Helps treat ventricular fibrillation Shocks the heart back to normal rhythm Saves lives if used properly Stay Away from Power Lines Stay at least 10 feet away Keep equipment at least 10 feet away Add 4 inches for every 10 kV over 50 kV Don’t dig near buried lines © Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110 Report and Don’t Use Damaged Equipment Broken or missing covers Damaged tools Damaged cords Damaged equipment Ensure Electrical Equipment Is Grounded Exposed parts can become energized Always ground electric tools and equipment Path to ground must be continuous Circuit Protective Devices Circuit breakers trip if overloaded Don’t reset unless authorized Contact a qualified person to investigate Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) Detect current between the two circuit wires Trip at about 5 mAmp Can get a shock before it trips If it keeps tripping there is a problem Need to be tested periodically © Business & Legal Reports, Inc. 1110 Follow Lockout/Tagout Procedures Devices that prevent access to hazardous energy Lockout ensures equipment isn’t accidentally restarted Tagout is used where lockout is not feasible Follow Safe Work Practices Work on electrical equipment only if qualified Wear safety equipment Illuminate work area Use nonconductive ladders Follow Safe Work Practices (cont.) Don’t wear conductive apparel Don’t use conductive liquids Do not defeat electrical interlocks Use Portable Electrical Equipment Safely Inspect for damage Check cord and ground Don’t lift by cord Dry hands when plugging and unplugging GFCI in wet locations Stay Away from Electrical Work Areas Electrical work areas need to be isolated Alerting techniques Safety Signs and Tags Barricades Attendants Only qualified personnel may work on or near exposed energized equipment! Safe Practices Work on electrical equipment if qualified Illuminate work area Wear conductive apparel Use nonconductive ladders Use conductive liquids near electricity Defeat electrical interlocks Unsafe Practices Safety Practices— Any Questions? Do you understand: First aid? Electrical equipment? Electrical circuits? Lockout/tagout? Safe work practices? The electrical safety program? Key Things to Remember Exposure to electricity can be dangerous Watch for electrical hazards Follow safe work practices Follow the electrical safety program Seek assistance from a qualified person If any further questions, contact Risk Management Department