Download HEART

HEART
Nainika Menon
Pericardium
OBJECTIVES
Anatomy of heart
Auscultation
Pericardium
• Pericardial sac
Outer: Fibrous pericardium
Inner: Parietal layer
• Visceral layer = Epicardium (note: myocardium
and endocardium)
• Pericardial cavity: serous fluid (eliminates
friction)
Surfaces
• Anterior (sternocostal) = R ventricle + part of
R atrium + part of L ventricle
• Right pulmonary = R atrium
• Left pulmonary = L ventricle + part of L atrium
• Diaphragmatic = L ventricle + part of R
ventricle
Base = L atrium + part of R atrium
Apex = tip of L ventricle
Flow of Blood
SVC/IVC
Right Atrium
Triscuspid valve
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary (semilunar) valve
Pulmonary trunk
Lungs
Flow of Blood
Lungs
Pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Bicuspid/Mitral valve
Left ventricle
Aortic (semilunar) valve
Aorta
Special Features
ATRIA
• Auricles
• Right atrium –
receives IVC, SVC
and coronary sinus
• Interatrial septum –
fossa ovalis
VENTRICLES
• Trabeculae carneae
• Left ventricle –
thicker muscular wall
Special features of Valves
• TRICUSPID VALVE
– Three cusps
Ventricular wall
Papillary muscles
• BICUSPID/MITRAL VALVE
– Two cusps
• AORTIC/PULMONARY VALVES
– Sinuses
Chordae tendineae
Auscultation (OSCEs)
•
•
•
•
Tricuspid valve: 5/6th ICS; L sternal edge
Pulmonary valve: 2nd ICS; L sternal edge
Mitral valve: 5th ICS; midclavicular line (APEX)
Aortic valve: 2nd ICS; R sternal edge
• Note: sternal angle – 2nd cc
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QUIZ!
Thank You!
[email protected]
References
• Information from:
MOORE, Keith L., Anne AGUR, Arthur DALLEY. Essential Clinical
Anatomy. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011
DRAKE, Richard L., A. Wayne VOGL, Adam W. M. MITCHELL.
Gray’s Anatomy for Students. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Churchill
Livingstone, 2010
• Images from:
DRAKE, Richard L., A. Wayne VOGL, Adam W. M. MITCHELL.
Gray’s Anatomy for Students. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Churchill
Livingstone, 2010