Download Arithmetic Instructions 1 CS 217 • Arithmetic operations on data in registers

Arithmetic Instructions
CS 217
Arithmetic Instructions
• Arithmetic operations on data in registers
add{x}{cc} src1, src2, dst
sub{x}{cc} src1, src2, dst
dst = src1 + src2
dst = src1 - src2
• Examples:
add %o1,%o2,%g3
sub %i1,2,%g3
1
Number Systems
Conversion
2
Addition
Multiplication
3
Machine Arithmetic
Signed Magnitude
4
One’s Complement
− k1C =^ k
a − b = a + ( r n − 1 − b) + 1
a − b = a +b1C + 1
Two’s Complement
− k2C =^ k + 1
5
Two’s Complement (cont)
a − b = a + ( r n − 1 − b) + 1
a − b = a +b2 C
Sign Extension
6
Floating Point Instructions
• Performed by floating point unit (FPU)
• Use 32 floating point registers: %f0…%f31
• Load and store instructions
–
–
–
–
ld [address],freg
ldd [address],freg
st freg,[address]
std freg,[address]
• Other instructions are FPU-specific
– fmovs,fsqrt,fadd,fsub,fmul,fdiv,…
Floating Point Numbers
7
Floating Point Numbers (cont)
IEEE Floating Point
8
IEEE Floating Point (cont)
9