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Chapter 1-a
FLOW CHART
BACKGROUND
• Program:
composed by 1 programmer
composed by 1 team of programmers
• Required planning & design using:
“FLOW CHART”
• FlowChart: “Symbols representing the flow of
control steps of a program’s execution”
• Objective: to simplify program-code composition
SYMBOLS IN FLOW CHART
Symbol of a process or
program statement
Symbol for presenting
data/input or
results/output
Process
flow/direction
Symbol for result’s
documentation
(in hard copy)
Symbol for reading
data/input using
punched cards.
n
y
Symbol for
conditional statement
where decision is
based of whether the
condition is true or
false
Start and End of a
program indication
Connector
TYPES OF INSTRUCTION
A. Unconditional Statements
Process A
Process B
Process C
TYPES OF INSTRUCTION
B. Conditional Statement
Condition
False
Process A
True
Process B
TYPES OF INSTRUCTION
C. Looping Statements
Condition
False
Process A
True
Process B
EXAMPLE:
1. Flow chart for buying cakes using coupons:
Start
A
Prepare Money
Queue for
buying coupon
Buy the
Coupon
A
Choose Cake
Trade cake
for coupon
Stop
EXAMPLE:
2. Flow Chart for Study:
A
B
Start
Do the
Questions
Prepare
Equipments
Match with
Answers
Read Notes
Understand
Notes
Fit?
no
yes
Understand
Contents
A
Take a break
B
Stop
EXAMPLE:
3. Find the average of 3 input data numbers:
Start
Read: A,B,C
X = A+B+C
3
Write: X
Stop
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. Given:
– A number of data
– The amount of data depends on the number
of inputs that may varies.
– Solve for :
The Average of all data
2. IF A is a negative number, add 3 to X
IF Not, subtract 3 from X
(Do it in Classroom…)
Answer 1:
Start
TTL = 0, CNT = 0
Read: X
End of Data
yes
No
Write: X
TTL =
TTL / CNT
TTL = TTL + X
WRITE
CNT, TTL
CNT = CNT+ 1
Stop
Answer 1:
Start
TTL = 0, CNT = 0
Read: X
X = 9999
?
No
yes
Write: X
TTL =
TTL / CNT
TTL = TTL + X
WRITE
CNT, TTL
CNT = CNT+ 1
Stop
Answer 2:
Start
Read: A, X
A0?
no
yes
X=X-3
Write: X
Stop
X=X+3
Latihan Soal
1. Menampilkan bilangan 1 s/ 10
2. Menentukan apakah data yang
dimasukkan adalah bilangan positif atau
negatif
3. Menentukan apakah data yang
dimasukkan adalah bilangan genap atau
ganjil
Latihan soal
4. Tampilkan deret :
-11, -9, -7, -5, -3, -1, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10
5. Tampilkan deret :
-10, 8, -6, 4, -2, 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25
6. Tampilkan deret :
0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55
Soal latihan
1. Buatlah algoritma untuk menghasilkan deret :
-10, 8, -6, 4, -2, 0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21
2. Buatlah algoritma untuk menghasilkan deret :
-13, 11, -9, 7, -5, 3, -1, 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49
3. Buatlah algoritma untuk menghitung rata-rata,
nilai maximum dan minimum dari nilai ujian
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