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Yesterday’s Homework
Yesterday’s Homework
The concentration of either the
H+ ion or the OH- ion is given
for three aqueous solutions at
298oK. For each solution,
+
calculate [H ] or [OH ]. State
whether the solution is acidic,
basic, or neutral.
Yesterday’s Homework
If this wasn’t easy,
you’re doing it wrong.
Yesterday’s Homework
+
[H ]
= 1.0 x
-13
10 M
Yesterday’s Homework
+
[H ]
-13
10 M
= 1.0 x
-1
[OH ] = 1.0 x 10 M
Yesterday’s Homework
+
[H ]
-13
10 M
= 1.0 x
-1
[OH ] = 1.0 x 10 M
basic
Yesterday’s Homework
[OH ]
= 1.0 x
-7
10 M
Yesterday’s Homework
[OH ]
-7
10 M
= 1.0 x
+
-7
[H ] = 1.0 x 10 M
Yesterday’s Homework
[OH ]
-7
10 M
= 1.0 x
+
-7
[H ] = 1.0 x 10 M
neutral
Yesterday’s Homework
[OH ]
= 1.0 x
-3
10 M
Yesterday’s Homework
[OH ]
-3
10 M
= 1.0 x
+
-11
[H ] = 1.0 x 10 M
Yesterday’s Homework
[OH ]
-3
10 M
= 1.0 x
+
-11
[H ] = 1.0 x 10 M
basic
Yesterday’s Homework
Any questions?
Daily Quiz Questions
Daily Quiz Questions
1. What is true of [H+] and [OH-]?
a.
=
b. [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-7
+
-7
c. [H ] ÷ [OH ] = 1 x 10
d. [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-14
+
-14
e. [H ] ÷ [OH ] = 1 x 10
+
[H ]
[OH ]
Daily Quiz Questions
2. In a neutral solution, pH =
a. 0
b. 0.5
c. 1
d. 7
e. 14
Daily Quiz Questions
3. 1 x
a.
b.
c.
d.
-5
10
=?
5
100,000
0.000,01
0.000,001
Daily Quiz Questions
4. Which number is bigger?
a. 1 x 10-2
-6
b. 1 x 10
.
Daily Quiz Questions
1. What is true of [H+] and [OH-]?
a.
=
b. [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-7
+
-7
c. [H ] ÷ [OH ] = 1 x 10
d. [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-14
+
-14
e. [H ] ÷ [OH ] = 1 x 10
+
[H ]
[OH ]
Daily Quiz Questions
1. What is true of [H+] and [OH-]?
a.
=
b. [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-7
+
-7
c. [H ] ÷ [OH ] = 1 x 10
d. [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-14
+
-14
e. [H ] ÷ [OH ] = 1 x 10
+
[H ]
[OH ]
Daily Quiz Questions
2. In a neutral solution, pH =
a. 0
b. 0.5
c. 1
d. 7
e. 14
Daily Quiz Questions
2. In a neutral solution, pH =
a. 0
b. 0.5
c. 1
d. 7
e. 14
Daily Quiz Questions
3. 1 x
a.
b.
c.
d.
-5
10
=?
5
100,000
0.000,01
0.000,001
Daily Quiz Questions
3. 1 x
a.
b.
c.
d.
-5
10
=?
5
100,000
0.000,01
0.000,001
Daily Quiz Questions
4. Which number is bigger?
a. 1 x 10-2
-6
b. 1 x 10
Daily Quiz Questions
4. Which number is bigger?
a. 1 x 10-2
-6
b. 1 x 10
Logarithms
Logarithms
The logarithm of a number is
the number of times
10 must be multiplied by itself
to equal that number.
Logarithms
1000 = 10 x 10 x 10
log 1000 = 3
Logarithms
To find the logarithm of a
number, count the zeroes or, if the
number is in scientific notation,
look at the exponent.
Logarithms
1 = 1 x 100
1
10 = 1 x 10
2
100 = 1 x 10
0.1 = 1 x 10-1
0.01 = 1 x 10-2
log 1 = 0
log 10 = 1
log 100 = 2
log 0.1 = -1
log 0.01 = -2
Logarithms
Logarithms
You can multiply two numbers by
adding their logarithms.
Logarithms
You can multiply two numbers by
adding their logarithms.
100 x 1000 = 100,000
Logarithms
You can multiply two numbers by
adding their logarithms.
100 x 1000 = 100,000
2+3=5
Logarithms
You can multiply two numbers by
adding their logarithms.
1x
8
10
= 100,000,000
Logarithms
You can multiply two numbers by
adding their logarithms.
1x
8
10
= 100,000,000
0+8=8
Logarithms
You can multiply two numbers by
adding their logarithms.
2x
8
10
= 200,000,000
?+8= ?
Logarithms
So what’s the logarithm of 2?
You have to look it up.
2x
8
10
= 200,000,000
?+8= ?
Logarithms
So what’s the logarithm of 2?
You have to look it up.
8
10
2x
= 200,000,000
0.301 + 8 = 8.301
Logarithms
What if the number is small
instead of big?
Logarithms
What if the number is small
instead of big?
0.0003 = 3 x 10-4
Logarithms
What if the number is small
instead of big?
0.0003 = 3 x 10-4
log 0.0003 = log 3 + log 10-4
Logarithms
What if the number is small
instead of big?
0.0003 = 3 x 10-4
log 0.0003 = log 3 + log 10-4
= 0.477 – 4
Logarithms
What if the number is small
instead of big?
0.0003 = 3 x 10-4
log 0.0003 = log 3 + log 10-4
= 0.477 – 4
= -3.523
Logarithms
You can find the logarithm of any
number by pressing the “log” key
on a calculator…
Logarithms
You can find the logarithm of any
number by pressing the “log” key
on a calculator…
but
Logarithms
You can find the logarithm of any
number by pressing the “log” key
on a calculator…
but
…if you don’t understand what
the calculator is doing, the
information is useless to you.
Logarithms
Try a few!
Logarithms
log
3
10
=
Logarithms
log
3
10
=3
Logarithms
log
8
10
=
Logarithms
log
8
10
=8
Logarithms
log
-10
10
=
Logarithms
log
-10
10
= -10
Logarithms
log 2 =
Logarithms
log 2 = 0.301
Logarithms
log 5.8 =
Logarithms
log 5.8 = 0.763
Logarithms
log 9.2 =
Logarithms
log 9.2 = 0.963
Logarithms
log 4 x
12
10
=
Logarithms
log 4 x
12
10
= 0.602 + 12
Logarithms
log 4 x
12
10
= 12.602
Logarithms
log 8.3 x
5
10
=
Logarithms
log 8.3 x
5
10
= 0.919 + 5
Logarithms
log 8.3 x
5
10
= 5.919
Logarithms
log 7.1 x
-3
10
=
Logarithms
log 7.1 x
-3
10
= 0.851 - 3
Logarithms
log 7.1 x
-3
10
= -2.149
Logarithms
log 4.8 x
-11
10
=
Logarithms
log 4.8 x
-11
10
= 0.681 - 11
Logarithms
log 4.8 x
-11
10
= -10.319
pH
pH = -log
+
[H ]
[OH ]
pOH = -log
pH + pOH = 14
+
[H ]
= 0.0035
What is the pH?
What is the pOH?
Is it acidic or basic?
+
[H ]
= 0.0035
+
[H ]
= 0.0035
0.0035 = 3.5 x
-3
10
+
[H ]
= 0.0035
0.0035 = 3.5 x
-3
10
log 0.0035 = log 3.5 + log 10-3
+
[H ]
= 0.0035
0.0035 = 3.5 x
-3
10
log 0.0035 = log 3.5 + log 10-3
= 0.544 – 3
+
[H ]
= 0.0035
0.0035 = 3.5 x
-3
10
log 0.0035 = log 3.5 + log 10-3
= 0.544 – 3
= –2.456
+
[H ]
= 0.0035
0.0035 = 3.5 x
-3
10
log 0.0035 = log 3.5 + log 10-3
= 0.544 – 3
= –2.456
pH = 2.456
+
[H ]
= 0.0035
pH = 2.456
pOH = 14 – 2.456
= 11.544
The solution is acidic.
Homework
Page 611 # 19
Page 612 # 20