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f ( x) 4 x 4 11x 2 6 Solve by Factoring: 4 x 2 3 x 2 2 4x2 3 3 2 x 4 x 2 3 x 2 x 2 2 Solve by completing the Square: f ( x) 3 x 6 x 1 2 1 3x 2 6 x 1 3 x2 2x 1 3 3 x2 2x 1 4 3 x 1 4 2 x 1 3 2 4 x 1 3 2 2 3 x 1 3 2 3 x 1 3 Rational Root Test Remainder Theorem Remainder = f(k) Example: 3x3 2 x 2 5 x 5 x 2 2 3 2 5 5 6 8 26 3 4 13 31 f(2)= 32 22 52 5 38 24 10 5 24 8 10 5 31 3 2 Find the remainder: 8x 3 2 x 5x 4 x 2 2 f 2 8 2 2 2 5 2 4 8 8 24 10 4 3 2 64 8 10 4 86 Therefore, x = -2 is NOT a root! Factor Theorem Factor Theorem f(x) has a factor (x-k) iff f(k)=0. Rational Zero Test If f(x)=anxn + an-1xn-1 +… + a1x + a0 Then the possible rational roots are factors of last term factors of first term Factors of the last term (a0) over the factors of the first term (an) Example f x 3x 2 x 5 3 2 1, 3 1 5 Possible : 1, 5, , 3 3 1, 5 Find all real roots: f ( x) x 3 x 2 x 1 1 Possible : 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 x 1 x 2 1 x 1x 1x 1 Mult. of 2 Touches. x 1 x 1 Goes Through x y 0 1 Find all real roots: f ( x) 2 x 3 3 x 2 8 x 3 f ( x) 2 x 3 3 x 2 8 x 3 Find all real roots: Possible : 1, 3 1 3 1, 3, , 1, 2 2 2 1 2 3 8 2 2 3 5 3 5 3 0 x 1 2 x 5 x 3 x 12 x 11x 3 2 x 1 x , x 3 2 x y 0 3 Goes Through ALL Find all real roots: Possible : f ( x) x 4 5 x 3 5 x 2 5 x 6 1, 2, 3, 6 1, 2, 3, 6 1 1 1 5 5 5 6 1 1 6 11 1 6 11 6 6 1 5 6 0 1 5 6 x 1x 6 x 11x 6 x 1x 1x 2 5x 6 x 1x 1x 2x 3 3 2 All Go Through x y 0 -6 x 1 x 1 x 2 x 3 Find all real roots: f ( x) x 4 x 3 x 2 3x 6 Find all real roots: Do NOT Graph. Possible : f ( x) x 4 x 3 x 2 3x 6 1, 2, 3, 6 1, 2, 3, 6 1 11 1 1 3 6 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 6 x 1 x 2 x 3 2 6 0 2 0 6 1 0 3 x 1x3 2 x 2 3x 6 x 1x 2x 2 3 NOT Real! Find all real roots: Do NOT Graph. f ( x) x5 3x 4 5x3 15x 2 4 x 12 Possible : 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 1 1 3 5 15 4 12 1 1 4 1 16 12 1 1 4 1 16 12 0 1 3 4 12 1 3 4 12 0 22 10 12 1 5 6 0 x 1x 4 4 x3 x 2 16 x 12 x 1x 1x3 3x 2 4 x 12 x 1x 1x 2x 2 5 x 6 x 1x 1x 2x 2x 3 x 1 x 1 x 2 x 2 x 3 Find all real roots: f ( x) 2 x3 3x 2 11x 6 Find all real roots: f ( x) 2 x3 3x 2 11x 6 Complex Numbers Imaginary Unit (i) = 1 Complex Numbers: Consists of a real number plus an imaginary number Looks like: a + bi Can also be called an imaginary number If a = 0, then it’s a pure imaginary number Simplify: 7 1 7 i 7 4 1 4 2i Simplify: 3 6 i 3 i 6 i 2 i 6 i 8 i 18 1 6 8 9 2 3 2 2 48 1 16 3 4 3 Simplify: 6i i 2 6i 1 6i 1 1 6i 5 2i 3 8i 8 10i Simplify: 2i 3 5i 6i 10i 2 6i 10 1 6i 10 10 6i 7 3i 2 9i 5 6i Simplify: 3 4i 2 7i 6 21i 8i 28i 6 13i 28 1 34 13i 3 2i 3 2i 2 9 4i 2 9 4 1 94 13 Simplify: 3 2i 4 i 12 3i 8i 2i 12 5i 2 1 14 5i 3 2i 2 2 3 2i 3 2i 9 12i 4i 9 12i 4 1 5 12i 2 Simplify: 3 2i 4i 3 2i 4 i 4i 4i 12 3i 8i 2i 2 16 i 2 12 11i 2 1 16 1 10 11i 17 6i 1 2i 6 i 1 2i 1 2i 1 2i 6 12i i 2i 2 1 4i 2 6 13i 2 1 1 4 1 4 13i 5