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Binary Review LET’S REVIEW THE BINARY SYSTEM Sends Electricity Receives Binary symbols (O / I) represent electrical impulses. BITS & BYTES The symbols O and I are considered a “bit”. 8 bits = 1 byte LOOK AT THE KEYBOARD •Notice the different keys. •How many keys are there? •What about function keys? •Upper case/ lower case. HOW MANY BITS? Using only O & I how many are needed to represent ever key? Let’s try a combination of 2: OO OI II IO OK, four keys can be represented. How many bits are needed? Let’s try a combination of 3: OOO OOI OIO IOO III IIO IOI OII OK, not enough with three. How many bits are needed? We need a total of eight (8) symbols or bits to represent every key on the keyboard. 8 Bits = 1 Byte ASCii Code The ASCii code assigns a numerical code to each letter. Here is an example: A = 65 B = 66 C = 67 Binary Code How do the numbers from the ASCii code translate to Binary? Let’s go back to kindergarten…… Let’s analyze the number … 5281 What does this number mean? The 1 The 8 The 2 The 5 has has has has a a a a place place place place value. value. value. value. 1000 100 5 2 10 8 Calculate: 5 x 1000 = 5000 2 x 100 = 200 8x 10 = 80 1x 1= 1 1 1 Binary This technique is also used in binary system. In the decimal system we use 10 symbols to represent each number. The binary system is based on 2 (O / I). Any number can be represented by a series of O/I. Binary Math Steps Convert Binary to Alpha/Numeric – STEP 1: Set up place values. STEP 2: Add up all place values containing I. STEP 3: Look up translator (ASCii) number on table to identify key value pressed. Convert to Binary to Alpha/Numeric 128 0 64 0 32 1 16 0 8 4 2 1 1 0 0 1 2 symbol eight place value. Add all the 1s: 32 8 1 41 STEP 2 STEP 1 Convert to Binary to Alpha/Numeric STEP 3 Translator (ASCii) # 41 = ) Decimal to Binary Let’s translate the #50 to binary code: 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 50 -32 -16 - 2 ___ 0 Convert Alpha/Numeric to Binary Now let’s try to other way…. STEP 1: Get translator number by looking up key value on ASCii chart. STEP 2: Set up place values. STEP 3: Starting on left with place value 128, place an I in every Value that will divide into the ASCii number. STEP 4: Check it! Add up all place values containing I. The number should equal your ASCii number. Decimal to Binary Practice Convert the following key to binary: Z = AACii (Translator) # STEP 1 90 Trick: Even #’s end in O and odd #’s end in I. Decimal to Binary Practice Z = 90 = STEP 2 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 STEP 3 STEP 4 64 16 8 2 = 90