Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
SP.710, Spring 2001: "Intro to Microcontrollers" Handout 1: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. A schematic of the PIC circuit you will wire up today (due by class Wednesday). The pinout of the PIC16F876. A description of the function of each of the PIC’s pins. The pinout of a standard 78L05 5-volt regulator. How to read resistors. How to read capacitors. References: web page for this seminar at: http://web.mit.edu/rec/seminars/spring01/sp710.html full PIC datasheet available at: http://web.mit.edu/rec/datasheets/PIC16F876.pdf full 78L05 datasheet available at: http://web.mit.edu/rec/datasheets/LM78L05.pdf ([email protected], 2/12/2001) 7805 +9V IN OUT + GND 10k 10k PIC16F876 Vdd 10uF typ. MCLR RC4 220 XTAL RC5 OSC1 220 OSC2 Vss GND PIC16F87X Pin Diagrams PLCC PIC16F877 PIC16F874 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 9 RB3/PGM RB2 RB1 RB0/INT VDD VSS RD7/PSP7 RD6/PSP6 RD5/PSP5 RD4/PSP4 RC7/RX/DT 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 QFP 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 RC2/CCP1 RC3/SCK/SCL RD0/PSP0 RD1/PSP1 RD2/PSP2 RD3/PSP3 RC4/SDI/SDA RC5/SDO RC6/TX/CK NC RC6/TX/CK RC5/SDO RC4/SDI/SDA RD3/PSP3 RD2/PSP2 RD1/PSP1 RD0/PSP0 RC3/SCK/SCL RC2/CCP1 RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 NC RA4/T0CKI RA5/AN4/SS RE0/RD/AN5 RE1/WR/AN6 RE2/CS/AN7 VDD VSS OSC1/CLKIN OSC2/CLKOUT RC0/T1OSO/T1CK1 NC RA3/AN3/VREF+ RA2/AN2/VREFRA1/AN1 RA0/AN0 MCLR/VPP/THV NC RB7/PGD RB6/PGC RB5 RB4 NC RB7/PGD RB6/PGC RB5 RB4 RB3/PGM RB2 RB1 RB0/INT VDD VSS RC7/RX/DT RC6/TX/CK RC5/SDO RC4/SDI/SDA 6 5 4 3 2 1 44 43 42 41 40 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 282 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 MCLR/VPP/THV RA0/AN0 RA1/AN1 RA2/AN2/VREFRA3/AN3/VREF+ RA4/T0CKI RA5/AN4/SS VSS OSC1/CLKIN OSC2/CLKOUT RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 RC2/CCP1 RC3/SCK/SCL PIC16F876/873 DIP, SOIC PIC16F877 PIC16F874 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 NC RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI OSC2/CLKOUT OSC1/CLKIN VSS VDD RE2/AN7/CS RE1/AN6/WR RE0/AN5/RD RA5/AN4/SS RA4/T0CKI NC NC RB4 RB5 RB6/PGC RB7/PGD MCLR/VPP/THV RA0/AN0 RA1/AN1 RA2/AN2/VREFRA3/AN3/VREF+ RC7/RX/DT RD4/PSP4 RD5/PSP5 RD6/PSP6 RD7/PSP7 VSS VDD RB0/INT RB1 RB2 RB3/PGM DS30292B-page 2 1999 Microchip Technology Inc. PIC16F87X TABLE 1-1: PIC16F873 AND PIC16F876 PINOUT DESCRIPTION DIP Pin# SOIC Pin# I/O/P Type OSC1/CLKIN 9 9 I OSC2/CLKOUT 10 10 O — Oscillator crystal output. Connects to crystal or resonator in crystal oscillator mode. In RC mode, the OSC2 pin outputs CLKOUT which has 1/4 the frequency of OSC1, and denotes the instruction cycle rate. MCLR/VPP/THV 1 1 I/P ST Master clear (reset) input or programming voltage input or high voltage test mode control. This pin is an active low reset to the device. RA0/AN0 2 2 I/O TTL RA1/AN1 3 3 I/O TTL RA1 can also be analog input1 RA2/AN2/VREF- 4 4 I/O TTL RA2 can also be analog input2 or negative analog reference voltage RA3/AN3/VREF+ 5 5 I/O TTL RA3 can also be analog input3 or positive analog reference voltage RA4/T0CKI 6 6 I/O ST RA4 can also be the clock input to the Timer0 module. Output is open drain type. RA5/SS/AN4 7 7 I/O TTL RA5 can also be analog input4 or the slave select for the synchronous serial port. Pin Name Buffer Type Description ST/CMOS(3) Oscillator crystal input/external clock source input. PORTA is a bi-directional I/O port. RA0 can also be analog input0 PORTB is a bi-directional I/O port. PORTB can be software programmed for internal weak pull-up on all inputs. RB0/INT 21 21 I/O TTL/ST(1) RB1 22 22 I/O TTL RB2 23 23 I/O TTL RB3/PGM 24 24 I/O TTL RB3 can also be the low voltage programming input RB4 25 25 I/O TTL Interrupt on change pin. RB5 26 26 I/O TTL Interrupt on change pin. RB6/PGC 27 27 I/O TTL/ST(2) Interrupt on change pin or In-Circuit Debugger pin. Serial programming clock. RB7/PGD 28 28 I/O TTL/ST(2) Interrupt on change pin or In-Circuit Debugger pin. Serial programming data. RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI 11 11 I/O ST RC0 can also be the Timer1 oscillator output or Timer1 clock input. RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 12 12 I/O ST RC1 can also be the Timer1 oscillator input or Capture2 input/ Compare2 output/PWM2 output. RC2/CCP1 13 13 I/O ST RC2 can also be the Capture1 input/Compare1 output/PWM1 output. RC3/SCK/SCL 14 14 I/O ST RC3 can also be the synchronous serial clock input/output for both SPI and I2C modes. RC4/SDI/SDA 15 15 I/O ST RC4 can also be the SPI Data In (SPI mode) or data I/O (I2C mode). RC5/SDO 16 16 I/O ST RC5 can also be the SPI Data Out (SPI mode). RC6/TX/CK 17 17 I/O ST RC6 can also be the USART Asynchronous Transmit or Synchronous Clock. RC7/RX/DT 18 18 I/O ST RC7 can also be the USART Asynchronous Receive or Synchronous Data. VSS 8, 19 8, 19 P — Ground reference for logic and I/O pins. VDD 20 20 P — Positive supply for logic and I/O pins. RB0 can also be the external interrupt pin. PORTC is a bi-directional I/O port. Legend: I = input O = output I/O = input/output P = power — = Not used TTL = TTL input ST = Schmitt Trigger input Note 1: This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured as the external interrupt. 2: This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when used in serial programming mode. 3: This buffer is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured in RC oscillator mode and a CMOS input otherwise. 1999 Microchip Technology Inc. DS30292B-page 7 LM78LXX Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators General Description The LM78LXX series of three terminal positive regulators is available with several fixed output voltages making them useful in a wide range of applications. When used as a zener diode/resistor combination replacement, the LM78LXX usually results in an effective output impedance improvement of two orders of magnitude, and lower quiescent current. These regulators can provide local on card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. The voltages available allow the LM78LXX to be used in logic systems, instrumentation, HiFi, and other solid state electronic equipment. The LM78LXX is available in the plastic TO-92 (Z) package, the plastic SO-8 (M) package and a chip sized package (8-Bump micro SMD) using National’s micro SMD package technology. With adequate heat sinking the regulator can deliver 100 mA output current. Current limiting is included to limit the peak output current to a safe value. Safe area protection for the output transistors is provided to limit inter- nal power dissipation. If internal power dissipation becomes too high for the heat sinking provided, the thermal shutdown circuit takes over preventing the IC from overheating. Features n LM78L05 in micro SMD package n Output voltage tolerances of ± 5% over the temperature range n Output current of 100 mA n Internal thermal overload protection n Output transistor safe area protection n Internal short circuit current limit n Available in plastic TO-92 and plastic SO-8 low profile packages n No external components n Output voltages of 5.0V, 6.2V, 8.2V, 9.0V, 12V, 15V n See AN-1112 for micro SMD considerations Connection Diagrams SO-8 Plastic (M) (Narrow Body) (TO-92) Plastic Package (Z) DS007744-3 DS007744-2 Bottom View Top View 8-Bump micro SMD micro SMD Marking Orientation DS007744-24 Top View (Bump Side Down) DS007744-33 Top View © 2000 National Semiconductor Corporation DS007744 www.national.com LM78LXX Series 3-Terminal Positive Regulators November 2000 Resistor Color Codes Most common resistors have four colored bands. The band at one end of the resistor will be a metallic color (gold, silver, or bronze). This indicates the accuracy of the resistor (+/- 5%, 10%, or 20%, respectively). If you call this the "4th band", the other three bands tell you the resistance in ohms according to the following table: Color: Band: 1st 2nd 3rd Black 0 0 * 100 Brown 1 1 * 101 Red 2 2 * 102 Orange 3 3 * 103 Yellow 4 4 * 104 Green 5 5 * 105 Blue 6 6 * 106 Purple 7 7 * 107 Grey 8 8 * 108 White 9 9 * 109 To illustrate, the common yellow-purple-orange-gold resistor is 47 * 103 ohms = 47000 ohms (+/- 5%). ([email protected], 2/12/2001) Capacitor Codes Capacitors are labeled in a wide variety of different ways, but this handout lists the most common markings on capacitors and what they mean. Electrolytic and Tantalum capacitors often have the capacitance (in uF) and voltage (maximum allowed voltage) printed on them in human-readable form. The capacitance will usually be followed by the letters "uF" to indicate measurement in microfarads, but the voltage may or may not be followed by a V. These capacitors are also often polarized, and typically have a + or a - printed on the case next to one lead (the - may be rotated 90 degrees from the horizontal). Non-polar electrolytics do exist, and often have the letters "NP" printed on them. Ceramic, Polyester, Metallized Film, and other low-capacitance capacitors are often marked using a different system. Commonly the capacitor will have one or two numbers printed on it. Here are explanations of the most common cases: Only one number, which is one or two digits long: The capacitance is this number of picoFarads (pF). Only one number, three digits long: If we call the digits ABC (with C<6), the capacitance is given by the formula (AB * 10C) pF. For example, a capacitor that reads 224 is 22 * 104 pF = 220,000 pF = 220 nF = 0.22 uF. Only one number, three digits long, followed by a letter: Same capacitance as in the previous case, but the letter indicates a tolerance: D = +/- 0.5 pF F = +/- 1% G = +/- 2% H = +/- 3% J = +/- 5% K = +/- 10% M = +/- 20% P = +100% / -0% Z = +80% / -20% Two numbers, one of them followed by a letter: The number followed by a letter indicates the capacitance and tolerance of the cap, as in the previous case. The other number is the rated voltage (in volts). For example, a capacitor that reads: 104J 630 Is a 100,000 pF (= 0.1 uF) +/-5% capacitor rated to 630 Volts. ([email protected], 2/12/2001)