Download Liverpool Group presentation 22/07/2009

SiPM response: experimental
results
SiPM response: experimental
In collaboration with LSN-University of
results
Catania and STMicroelectronics-Catania
In collaboration
with the University of
Liverpool Group
presentation
22/07/2009
Catania
Liverpool Group
presentation 22/07/2009
[email protected]@quasar-group.org
group.org
Overview
• SiPMs and beam loss monitor
• From a single SPAD to a SiPM (1)
• From a single SPAD to a SiPM (2)
• SiPM models
• Realization of the amplifiers and SiPMs signal readout board
• Dark count
• SiPM to a pulsed laser signal
• Measurements of rise time and recovery time
• Conclusions
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SiPMs and beam loss monitor
-Multimode step index fibers
- SiPM directly coupled to the
fibers
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From a single SPAD to a SiPM (1)
- Semiconductor junction with a
reverse bias few Volts above
VBD.
METAL
OXIDE
N+
Gettering
N+
P+
Sinker
S
P
A
D
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presentation 22/07/2009
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- Depletion layer E higher than
3x105 V/cm: a single carrier can
trigger a self-sustaining
avalanche.
- A few mA current pulse with
sub-nanosecond rise time is
sharply produced.
- The voltage is restored to the
bias value and the device is
ready to detect another photon
quenched the avalanche by
using a large resistor (passive
quenching) or a suitable circuit
(active quenching).
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From a single SPAD to a SiPM (2)
-Matrix of n pixels in
parallel
S
I
P
- Every pixel gives the
same signal when it is
hit by a photon but
the output charge is
proportional to the
number of triggered
cells, i.e the number
of injected photons:
Qout=C(VR – VBR) Nfired
- Analog device
M
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SiPM models
STMicroelectronics (Catania)
Photonique SA-Switzerland
- Blue range
- Visible range
-Active surface 1mm2
- Number of cells ~500
- Fill factor > 70%
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Realization of the amplifiers and the
signal readout board
• High gain amplifier (Photonique AMP_0604)
Signal rise time ~5ns (5000ps), Amplification 20x...60x
• High Rise Time amplifier (Photonique AMP_0611)
Signal rise time ~700ps, amplification 10x...20x
• Catania very high gain amplifier
Amplification 10x...200x
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Dark count measurements : repetition
frequency and dark peak amplitude
Dark noise rate originates from the carriers thermically created in sensitive
volume and also due to the effects of high electric fields. The SiPM dark rate
increases with temperature.
SiPM
Dark count amplitude
(mV)
Blue Phot
20
Vis Phot
20
ST modF
25
ST mod H
30
1 ph
2 ph
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SiPM response to a pulsed laser
signal
Laser features:
Wavelength: 408 ± 10
nm
Spectral width (Δλ) <7nm
Pulse width <60 ps
Peak power in collimated
beam (mW) >140
Tune: [0,100] %
Repetition frequency:
10Hz-1MHz
Experiments:
-Fixed tune and variable
rep frequency
- Fixed rep frequency
and variable tune
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SiPM response to a pulsed laser
signal: fixed tune
1 kHz: a signal
f= 5kHz:
a signal
every
1ms every 200μs
1 MHz: a signal every 1μs
f=100 kHz: a signal every 10 μs
We have a coherent signal for every repetiton frequency
between 10 Hz and 1 MHz
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SiPM response to a pulsed laser
signal: fixed repetition frequency
Tune
Tune
Tune
50%
100%
4.4%
20%
The SiPM response is proportional to the injected
photons until the Nph< Ncells : saturation
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SiPM response to a pulsed laser
signal: rise time and recovery time
Rise time: time useful for triggering the avalanche
Recovery time: time useful for quenching the avalanche (dependent on the
quenching circuitry used)
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Conclusions
We mounted the read-out electronics of SiPM and we
tested the SiPMs for observing their response to:
• Different amplifiers
• Dark count
• Timing response between 10 Hz and 1 MHz with a pulsed
laser signal
• Rise time and recovery time
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Thank you very much for your
attention
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