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Lesson 34 Present Passive Infinitives Feb. 18-21, 2014 All About Infinitives • Infinitives are verb forms that are translated with the word “to….” All About Infinitives • There are 3 tenses of infinitives: present, perfect, and future. • Each tense has 2 voices: active and passive. Present Active Infinitive • You learned the present active infinitive in Latin I. • The present active infinitive is the 2nd principal part of the verb…the one that ends in –re. • It’s translated “to (verb).” Present Active Infinitive • amo, amare, amavi, amatus • doceo, docere, docui, doctus • mitto, mittere, misi, missus • capio, capere, cepi, captus • audio, audire, audivi, auditus • To love • To teach • To send • To capture • To hear Present Passive Infinitives Now it’s time to learn the present passive infinitive. It’s easy! Just change the final –e to an –i. The English translation is to be verbed: amari: to be loved doceri: to be taught audiri: to be heard Present Passive Infinitives The only verbs that DO NOT follow that simple rule are 3rd and 3rd –io conjugation. Remember that they always cause trouble and do things a little differently… These are the –o (-io)/–ere verbs, like these: pono, ponere capio, capere duco, ducere Present Passive Infinitives Instead of changing the –re to –ri, 3rd /3rd –io conjugation verbs go nuts and chop off their ENTIRE -ere, then replace it with just an –i! ducere: to lead capere: to take duci: to be led capi: to be taken ponere: to place poni: to be placed Present Passive Infinitive • amo, amare, amavi, amatus • doceo, docere, docui, doctus • mitto, mittere, misi, missus • capio, capere, cepi, captus • audio, audire, audivi, auditus • AMARI: to be loved • DOCERI: to be taught • MITTI: to be sent • CAPI: to be captured • AUDIRI: to be heard What an Infinitive Chart Looks Like: • ACTIVE • Present amare to love • PASSIVE amari to be loved • Perfect amavisse to have loved amatus esse to have been loved • Future amaturus esse to be about to love amatum iri to be about to be loved
