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The “Perfect” Tenses
Esp. 3
C. 3
Formation
• The perfect tenses are compound
tenses and are made up of a
conjugated form of the verb
HABER
+
Past Participle
• Which perfect tense is formed
depends on the tense that the
verb HABER is conjugated in.
Formation
Primary Forms of HABER
Present
he
hemos
has
---------
ha
han
Formation
Formation of the Past Participle
1. Start with the infinitive
- ie…hablar
2. Drop the last two letters
off of the infinitive.
- ie…habl (ar)
3. Add ADO for AR verbs and
IDO for ER and IR verbs.
- ie…hablado
Usages
1. The perfect tense are used
to express some action that
started in the past and
generally has some bearing
on the present.
- ie…Ya ha ido al banco y
tiene el dinero.
Watch Out For…
1. Be sure that you include
BOTH the correct form of
HABER and the past
participle.
- ie…he comido
Watch Out For…
2. Remember that when the
participle is used with
HABER in the perfect
tenses, it always has an “o”
ending.
- ie…hemos escrito
Watch Out For…
3. Irregular past participles
escrito
visto
muerto
abierto
dicho
vuelto
hecho
roto
cubierto
puesto