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Welcome to Seminar 5
We’ll begin on time.
Meanwhile, have fun chatting.
The difference between what
we do and what we are
capable of doing would
suffice to solve most of the
world's problems.
Mahatma Gandhi
It’s SHOWTIME !!!!!!!!
• Welcome to Seminar #5
• How is everyone today?
• How was your week?
The Road of Trials
• As the hero continues on the journey,
he/she is faced with many obstacles.
Campbell (2008) tells us, “The original
departure into the land of trials
represented only the beginning of the
long and really perilous path” (p. 90).
• While supernatural aid is helpful, only
the hero can complete the journey. The
hero finds that “our conscious views
of what life ought to be seldom
correspond to what life really is”
(Campbell, 2008, p. 101).
The Road of Trials
(continued)
• In many ways, the hero’s journey
reflects the growth from child to
adult, where the child comes to
terms with outside expectations
and the world of good and evil.
• The hero discovers the
“interdependence of the inner
and outer worlds” (Campbell,
2008, p. 139), realizing that his
thinking produces results and that
he can change the world.
Unit 5 Work
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Seminar
Readings
Journal
Discussion
No Project
Grammar Review
Journal
• Last week, you visited the KU Library and
searched for information on writing in your career
field, and this week you searched the internet for
sources that might be helpful in your upcoming
Unit 6 Project. Reflect on this experience. What
have you learned about the research process
and what else do you need to know about that
process? Why do you think sources are both
valuable and dangerous?
Grammar Review
• In this unit, you will review Writing Center
information that will help you with two of the
most important building blocks of the sentence,
the subject and verb. The material you review
will help make sure that your sentence subjects
and verbs agree with each other and will help
ensure that your verbs are in the appropriate
tense (past, present, future).
Unit 5 Discussion: Before
Posting
• Part I: For this part of the Discussion,
review the instructions for the Final
Project, due the end of Unit 9.
• Brainstorm a list of possible topics for
your Final Project.
• Select a problem associated with your
field of study.
• Topic suggestions have been provided
for you in the Unit 5 Overview
announcement in the center of the
course home page.
Unit 5 Discussion: Before
Posting
• Part II: Locate a reliable internet source for
the Final Project. Read the selected source.
• Save the following information:
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–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Author’s name:
Publication date:
Title of Article:
Name of Magazine or Journal:
Volume #:
Issue #:
The magazine page you found information on:
The name of the database:
Unit 5 Discussion: Posting
• Part I: Answer these questions:
– What do you think your Final Project might
focus on?
– What topic do you think you will choose?
– Who will be your audience?
– What is the purpose of the project (other than
to get an A! LOL)?
– How will the choice of this particular audience
affect how you write your essay?
Unit 5 Discussion: Posting
• Part II: Answer these questions:
– Explain why you chose this source.
– Why do you think it is reliable?
– How might the source help you to you write
your final project?
– Provide an APA formatted reference for your
source.
– Provide an in text citation for the source.
– Discuss at least one strategy you will use for
avoiding plagiarism in your writing.
Discussion
• In Text Citations:
• (Author’s last name, year, para. #)
• OR If there isn’t any author:
• (“Title of Article,” year, para. #)
Discussion: Internet References
• Author’s last name, first initial. (date). Title of the
article. Name of Web Site. Retrieved from
the complete web address of the article that
you read.
• OR if there is no author listed
• Title of article. (date). Name of Web Site. Retrieved
from the complete web address of the article
that you read.
Review: What is the in text citation
for the quote below?
• Quote: “Many famous people throughout
history have shown symptoms of ADHD but still
achieved greatness.”
• Author: Eileen Bailey
• Date: 2012
• Article: “Celebrities With ADHD”
• Web Site: Health Central
• Paragraph: 1
• Web Address:
http://www.healthcentral.com/adhd/understandin
g-adhd-161681-5.html
Answer
• “Many famous people throughout history
have shown symptoms of ADHD but still
achieved greatness” (Bailey, 2012,
para. 1).
What is the in text citation for the
quote below?
• “Did you know that one of the most famous
people with ADD was Albert Einstein?”
• Author: None
• Date: 2012
• Title of Article: “Famous People With
ADHD and ADD”
• Name of Web Site: ADD/ADHD
Treatments
• Web Address: http://www.add-adhdtreatments.com/Famous-People.html
• Paragraph: 3
Answers
• “Did you know that one of the most
famous people with ADD was Albert
Einstein?” (“Famous People With ADHD
and ADD,” 2012, para. 3).
• Or
• (“Famous People,” 2012, para. 3).
• Besides using an in text citation, where
else must all quotes be documented?
Matching
• The in text citations and the references
page should match.
• If you use an in text citation, be sure to put
the same source on the references page.
• If you list a source on the references page,
be sure you also cite that source in the
text.
• It’s easy to get confused.
How to Avoid Forgetting to
Sources
• One of the ways I avoid problems is by
doing my reference page at the same time
as I am writing my paper.
• Every time I use information from a
source, I immediately put in the in text
citation (author’s last name, date, p. or
para.) and then scroll down and put the
reference on my Reference Page.
• This assures that I will not forget to
include all references.
Advanced In Text Citation Format
• Using the author’s name as part of
the sentence itself is preferred.
– Campbell (2008) tells us we are not on
the adventure alone because “heroes of
all time have gone before us” (p. 18).
• The same holds true if there is no
author.
– According to the article, “Old City, New
Life” (2010), “Old San Juan is a city
steeped in history” (p. 17).
Examples of Advanced In Text Citations
• Mike Dooley (2010), author and motivational
speaker, tells his readers that “thoughts become
things” (para. 1).
• According to Viktor E. Frankl (1984), psychiatrist
and concentration camp survivor, “Every age has
its own collective neurosis” (p. 131).
• The article, “Slice of Life” (2010), featured in the
December issue of Caribbean Travel + Life,
reminds travelers that “The Tortuga rum cake is
one of the Caribbean’s most popular souvenirs”
(p. 20).
What is the in Text Citation?
Bilton, N. (2012, February 22). Behind the
Google goggles, virtual reality. The
New York Times. Retrieved from
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/23/
technology/google-glasses-will-bepowered-by-android.html?_r=1
“The glasses …will be more like smart
phones” – from para. 4
Answers
“The glasses …will be more like smart
phones” (Bilton, 2012, para. 4)
OR
According to Nick Bilton (2012), “The
glasses …will be more like smart phones”
(para. 4).
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
• Because information on the Internet is often moved,
removed, or changed, scholarly articles are now
beginning to receive a digital number by which they
can be tracked, the digital object identifier.
• This number takes the place of the retrieval
information that was used prior to this because the
articles that have DOI numbers have their own
routing system, one that should take readers to the
article no matter where they have been placed on
the Internet, even if they have been moved.
Using the DOI
• If the article has a DOI, you do not need
the retrieval information.
• All doi’s begin with the number 10, contain
a prefix and suffix separated by a slash.
• Sample: doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225
• Reference Format:
Author’s last name, first initial. (date). Title
of article. Name of Magazine, volume,
page. doi: 10.xxxx/xxxx-xxxx.xx.x.xxx
In what order should the
items on a references page
be listed?
Alphabetical Order
• Items on the references page
must be in alphabetical order.
• Always begin with the
author’s last name.
• If no author has been listed,
begin with the title of the
article (You read something!).
• Never begin using a web
address.
AUDIENCE AND CONTEXT
• Everything is written to someone for some
purpose. The email you send to your sister
should be written differently than a proposal you
send to a business client.
• Knowing the audience, purpose, and the context
is vitally important to good writing. Ask
yourself:
– Why am I writing this?
– Who is my reader?
– What am I trying to say?
What is Standard
American English?
What are the benefits to
learning Standard American
English?
Standard American English
• Standard American English is the common
language, spelling, grammar, and
punctuation used in the United States.
– Its use is expected in higher education and the
workplace.
• When you use Standard American English,
– People can understand you no matter what part of the
county they come from.
– You present yourself as being an educated person.
– You show respect for the reader
– You show a desire to be someone the reader can
relate to.
When should you use
Standard American
English?
When You Should Use
Standard American English
• You should use Standard American English
most of the time if not all the time. You want
to get into the habit of using it.
• When speaking or writing to your friends or
family, you are free to use dialect, slang, or
any type of English (or other language) that
you desire.
• However, in the "real world," the world of
work, school, and careers, there are different
expectations.
Which are the correct
answers?
Each of the students
(have, has) (their, his or
her) own locker.
The Correct Answers
Each of the students
HAS HIS OR HER
own locker.
Each of the students has his or her own locker.
• Each = subject
– Each is singular. Think: “each one”!
• Of the students = prepositional phrase (not the
subject)
• Since the subject is singular (each one), the verb
must also be singular: each one has.
• The pronoun is referring to the subject (each
one), which is singular, so we need a singular
pronoun. “Their” is plural.
– Since we do not know the gender of that student, we
use his or her.
Common Writing Errors:
Subject/Verb Agreement &
Pronoun/Referent Agreement
• Subjects must “agree” or match their
verbs in number (how many are we talking
about?).
• Pronouns must also match the words that
they refer to. Again, how many are we
talking about?
Areas of Confusion
• Prepositional Phrases:
– preposition + object (noun)
• Prepositions:
– To, in, on, over, under, around, through, for,
by, of, at, with, of, out, up, etc.
• The subject is not in the prepositional
phrase
– To the beach, of the people, around the
house, under the bed
• One of the people – subject = one
More Areas of Confusion
• Singular Indefinite Pronouns
• Singular Indefinite Pronouns are always
singular. Examples:
–
–
–
–
–
Anybody
Anyone
Anything
Each
Either
everybody
everyone
everything
much
one
nobody
nothing
plenty
somebody
someone
• Since they are singular, they require
singular verbs:
– Everyone IS here. Nobody WAS late. Everything IS fine.
Common Writing Errors: Pronoun Agreement
• The word to which a pronoun refers is called its
antecedent. The pronoun must match or agree
with its antecedent in number. Number simply
means singular or plural.
• The boy played with his bike.
– “His” refers to “boy.” Both “boy” and “his” are
singular, so they agree in number.
• The boys played with their bikes.
– “Their” refers to “boys.” Both are plural, so they
agree.
Common Problems with
Pronoun Agreement

1. Singular Indefinite Pronouns are always singular.
 Another
everybody
nobody
 Anybody
everyone
nothing
 Anyone
everything
somebody
 Each
someone
one

Incorrect: Each of the students has their own locker.
 Each (one) = 1 person
 Their = 2 or more people

Correct: Each of the student has his or her own locker.
 Each (one) = 1 person
 His or her = 1 person
Pronoun Agreement
(continued)


2. Singular noun – plural pronoun
Incorrect: If a person wants to graduate from
college, they must have good study habits.


A person = 1 person
They = 2 or more people

Correct: If a person wants to graduate from
college, he or she must have good study
habits.

Correct: If students want to graduate from
college, they must have good study habits.