Download Expresiones – Lección 1

Lección 2
El presente de los verbos
regulares que terminan en -ar
A bit about regular verbs
• In Spanish, there are many verbs that are
considered regular verbs because they
follow rules of conjugation.
• The verb “llamar” means “to call,” and it is a
regular verb in the present tense. You have
already learned how to conjugate this verb.
Present tense of regular –ar
verbs
• Infinitive forms of Spanish verbs end in
either –ar, -er, or –ir. They translate as
“ to + verb.” (llamar = to call)
• The infinitive ending needs to be dropped
in order to conjugate the verb to make it
agree with the subject.
• The new ending of the verb tells you the
tense and the subject (who is performing
the action).
• The stem of the verb tells you the
meaning.
– For example, the llam in the verb llamar
indicates the meaning “ call.”
• The ending –ar indicates the infinitive “to
call.”
• When we drop –ar, and add: - o, -as
- a, -amos, - áis, -an to the stem llam we
can tell the subject of the verb and that the
verb is present tense.
Llamar = to call
• Yo llamo
Nosotros llamamos
• Tú llamas
Vosotros llamáis
• Ud. llama
• Él llama
• Ella llama
Uds. llaman
Ellos llaman
Ellas llaman
Translation of the present tense
in Spanish is just like English.
•
•
•
•
•
Yo llamo = I call; I am calling; I do call
Tú llamas = You call; You are calling; You do call
Ud. llama = You call; You are calling; You do call
Él llama = He calls, He is calling, He does call
Ella llama = She calls, She is calling; She does call
•
•
•
•
•
Nosotros llamamos= We call; We are calling; We do call
Vosotros llamáis = You call; You are calling; You do call
Uds. llaman = You call; You are calling; You do call
Ellos llaman = They call; They are calling; They do call
Ellas llaman = They call; They are calling; They do call
Present tense to express near
future
• Sometimes, Spanish speakers use the
present tense to express the near future,
such as within the same day or tomorrow.
• Spanish speakers do not use the present
progressive (to be + ing) to express the
future!
Llamo a Juan mañana. = I am calling Juan tomorrow.
Applying the rule of conjugation
for –ar regular verbs
• Just as we dropped the –ar and added the
endings -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an to the
stem of llamar (llam) we do the same for
all other regular –ar verbs.
• The verbs on page 45 of your text are
regular –ar verbs.
Hablar = to speak
• Yo hablo
Nosotros hablamos
• Tú hablas
Vosotros habláis
• Ud. habla
• Él habla
• Ella habla
Uds. hablan
Ellos hablan
Ellas hablan
¡OJO !
• Four of the –ar verbs on page 45 include a
preposition in the English meaning of the
verb, but do not add a Spanish
preposition.
• buscar = to look for
Busco un libro.
• escuchar = to listen to Escucho la música.
• esperar = to wait for Espero el autobús.
• mirar = to look at
Miro la televisión.
(to watch)
Verbs that combine with other
verbs
• Some verbs are special because they are
used with other verbs.
• When two verbs are used right next to one
another with no change in the subject, the
first one is conjugated to agree with the
subject. The second one generally
remains in the infinitive form.
Verbs used with other verbs
• necesitar = to need
• desear = to desire; to wish
• esperar = to hope
Por ejemplo:
Necesito estudiar. = I need to study.
Deseamos viajar. = We wish to travel.
Esperas trabajar. = You hope to work.
One subject with more than one
action
• When a subject is performing more than
one action in the same sentence, all of the
verbs must be conjugated to agree with
the subject.
• The verbs are connected by the word “y.”
• In Spanish, no comma comes before “y.”
• (Yo) bailo y (yo) canto. =
• I sing and (I) dance.
• Los chicos conversan, preguntan y contestan. =
• The boys chat, question, and answer.
Two subjects in the same
sentence
• If there are two or more subjects in the
same sentence, the verbs must agree with
their respective subjects.
Mrs. Melanson teaches and the students listen.
La señora Melanson enseña y los estudiantes escuchan.
Negation
• To make a statement negative, use a
negative word before the conjugated verb.
• Some common negative words are: no,
nadie, and nunca.
Subject + no + verb = Subject + do/does+ not+verb
Tú no estudias. = You do not study.
Nadie + verb = No one (Nobody) + verb
Nadie escucha. = No one (Nobody) listens.
Subject +nunca + verb. = Subject + never + verb.
Ella nunca trabaja. = She never works.