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Writing I
Basics, Nouns and Articles
essays
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paragraphs
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sentences
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phrases
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words
Parts of Speech
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Nouns
Pronouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Adverbs
Prepositions
Conjunctions
Articles
Injections
Basic Elements of a Sentence
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Subject
Verb
Examples:
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You sing.
I dance.
What can be a subject?
Nouns 名詞
 Noun phrases 名詞片語
 Noun clauses 名詞子句
 Infinitive phrases 不定詞片語
 Gerunds 動名詞
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What is a clause?
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A smaller sentence inside
another sentence
Example:
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I know he is happy.
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a clause
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a noun clause
Types of Nouns
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Count Nouns
Singular count nouns always come
with an article.
Plural count nouns always come with
an “s” or “es” at the end.
Noncount Nouns
Noncount Nouns are always singular.
No indefinite articles come with
noncount nouns.
Exercise on Page 107
Noncount Nouns
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Refer to a “whole”
furniture
Abstractions
luck
Phenomena of Nature
sunshine
Some nouns can be either count or
noncount nouns, but they differ in
meanings.
hair; light
Unit Expressions
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a spoonful of sugar
a glass of milk
a cup of coffee
a piece of paper
a piece of jewelry
a bag of flour
a bar of soap
a pound of meat
a head of lettuce
Some Common Noncount
Nouns
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Whole group
Fluid
Solids
Gases
Particles
Abstractions
Languages
Fields of study
Recreation
Activities
Natural Phenomena
See Page 108
Exercises on Pages 109-111
Don’t forget articles!
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Definite article: “The”
--used before definite nouns
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Indefinite articles: “A”, “an”
--used before singular indefinite
count nouns
--use “an” if the following word starts
with a vowel; otherwise, use “a”
Exercises on Pages 113-118
Irregular Plural Nouns
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Chart 7-1 on page 100
Exercises on Pages 101-102
Using Nouns as Modifiers
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When a noun is used as a
modifier, it is in its singular form.
vegetable soup
When a noun used as a modifier
is combined with a number
expression, the noun is singular
and a hyphen (-) is used.
a five-year-old boy
Expressions of Quantity
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one, each, every
two…, both, a couple of, a few
several, many, a number of
(used with count nouns)
a little, much, a great deal of
(used with noncount nouns)
no, some/any, a lot of/lots of
plenty of, most, all
(used with both count and noncount
nouns)
Exercises on Pages 120-124