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Basic Parts of Speech An Overview Basic Parts of Speech Noun Pronoun Verb Adverb Adjective Preposition Conjunction Interjection Noun Definition: a person, place, or thing Often used with an article (a, the, an) Proper Can nouns are always capitalized be singular or plural Noun Examples Catherine went to the store. The boy set the book on the table. Catherine=person=noun Store=place=noun Boy=person=noun Book=thing=noun Table=thing=noun Proper nouns: California The White House Michael Pronoun Definition: Used in place of a noun Refers to a specific noun, called an antecedent Includes words like he, she, they, it, me, myself, we, our Pronoun Examples She She=pronoun On went to the store. Saturday they will go to the mall. They=pronoun Jacob came over yesterday. He left his book on the table. Jacob=noun He=pronoun His=pronoun Verb Definition: Describes an action Can have different tenses Can include helping verbs and main verb Must agree with the subject Subject and verb must both be singular or both be plural Verb Examples Next month I will travel to Canada. Today she ate dinner at six o’ clock. Ate=verb Can you help him clean the dishes? will=helping verb Travel=main verb Help=verb Clean=verb We will watch television while we do homework. Watch=verb Do=verb Adverb Definition: changes or describes a verb, adjective, or other adverb Answers when, where, how, why, or what Often end in –ly Never describes a noun or pronoun Adverb Examples Sam walked quickly around the block. Walked=verb Quickly=adverb Her paper was well written. well=adverb First they drove to the mall, and then they stopped at the gas station. Then=adverb Adjective Definition: Describes a noun or pronoun Includes articles, i.e. a, an, the Answers which one, what kind, or how many Adjective Examples The Yellow=adjective She sent me a short letter. Short=adjective The yellow basket is full of flowers. truck is old and rusty. Old=adjective rusty=adjective Rachel has beautiful handwriting. Beautiful=adjective Preposition Definition: Modifies a word in the sentence Placed before a noun or pronoun Part of a prepositional phrase Prepositional phrases usually tell where, when, or show relationship Example: at the mall At=preposition Prepositional phrases often function as adjectives or adverbs Preposition Examples For some common prepositions see the following website: list of prepositions. The rabbit jumped into the hole. John walked home with Mary. With=preposition The conference will be held in October. into=preposition in=preposition Sam checked his phone for messages throughout the day. Throughout=preposition Conjunction Definition: Joins words, clauses, and phrases together Shows the relationship between the joined words, phrases, or clauses There are different types of conjunctions Coordinating—connects equal words, phrases, or clauses Subordinating—connects unequal words, phrases, or clauses Conjunction Examples The most common conjunctions can be remembered by the acronym FANBOYS: For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so Other conjunctions can be found here. Catherine and John went to the store. Before you go out, you must finish your homework. And=conjunction Before=conjunction She raised her hand because she had a question. Because=conjunction Interjection Definition: A word or phrase that expresses emotion Often followed by an exclamation point Interjection Examples Oops! Oops=interjection Oh my gosh, it’s snowing outside. Oh my gosh=interjection When Matt got injured he said, “Ow!” Ow=interjection Well, I forgot to take out the trash! I guess he can come if he wants. Well=interjection Further help… For further information on the basic parts of speech, see the following: Butte College’s The Eight Parts of Speech Purdue Owl About.com