Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Ancient Greek architecture wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek cuisine wikipedia , lookup
Greek mythology wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek medicine wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek literature wikipedia , lookup
Historicity of Homer wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek warfare wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greece – 6-1 • Peninsula – area of land that is surrounded by water on three sides • Epics – long poems or texts that tell a story • City-State – a city with its own government and society • Greece is located on a peninsula • Made up largely of mountains and islands • Islands on Aegean Sea • Islands and mountains kept communities separated Ancient Greece – 6-1 • Ancient Greeks often fought among themselves, though they had same language and gods • Only 1/5 of Greece is good for farming • Ancient Greeks became traders and sailors Ancient Greece – 6-1 • Myth – legend or story, often dealing with gods or goddesses • Mythology – myths or legends of a culture’s gods or history • Titans – 12 Greek gods who ruled sky and earth in Greek mythology • Greek culture was polytheistic • Cronos – ruled Titans; Zeus’ father • Zeus overthrew his father to be leader of gods • Greek gods ruled from Mt. Olympus Ancient Greece – 6-1 • Crete – large island south of Greece • Minoans – civilization on ancient Crete • Knossos – city in ancient Crete • Ancient Minoans Ruled Crete from 3000 to 1100 BCE Had large sea-trading network Knossos was destroyed in 1400s BCE and civilization declined Had large impact on Greeks Ancient Greece – 6-1 • Conquest – using force to conquer or take over a society • MYCENAEANS Came to power around 1400 BCE Focused power and society to the mainland at Mycenae Used conquest to spread their power Ancient Greece – 6-1 • Iliad and Odyssey – Epic poems that tell stories about Trojan War. Probably written by many, but credit is given to Homer as their author • THE TROJAN WAR Story of conflict between Greece and kingdom of Troy, in modern Turkey Mycenaeans may have been inspiration for the legend Ancient Greece – 6-1 Greeks conquered Troy through trickery Trojan Horse: Greeks hid soldiers inside giant wooden horse and gave to Troy as a gift. When inside city walls, soldiers let other Greeks in and took over city “Beware of Greeks bearing gifts” Troy was destroyed by fire in 1200s BCE Ancient Greece – 6-1 • Acropolis – a fortified • Greece’s hill; “high city” in “Dark Ages” Greek; became focus Greek civilization for city-states collapsed around 1100s BCE Poverty was common Trading declined Written language began to die out Families began to settle in villages Ancient Greece – 6-1 Villages were near rocky, protected hills - Acropolis Built fortresses here Dark Age lasted until about 800 BCE Ancient Greece – 6-1 • Aristocrat – wealthy powerful people • Tyrant – ruler who seizes power by force, often cruel • Democracy – government where citizens rule themselves • Rise of City-States Small villages grew to small cities Created their own traditions and government Included city, surrounding villages, and farms. Ancient Greece – 6-1 Early city-states were ruled by aristocrats, who could afford good land, weapons, horses, chariots, etc. Later a new class of artisans and merchants grew This new class often overthrew aristocrats and took over as tyrants Ancient Greece – 6-1 Tyrants were often supported by working and middle class; many ruled fair and wisely Democracy eventually took the place of tyrants for government Especially true in Athens Ancient Greece – 6-1 594 BCE – Solon won power in Athens – reformed laws and was known for fairness All male citizens over 18 were allowed a voice in government Athens became leading democracy of ancient world