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Religion How is religion understood geographically? Religion • What is religion? • What are some of the contexts in which religion manifests itself? • How do we view religion as geographers (elements that are spatially important)? – Where are religions located – hearth, distribution, and diffusion? • http://www.mapsofwar.com/ind/history-ofreligion.html – What are practices that lead to distribution? Religion • How do we view religion as geographers (elements that are spatially important)? • Religious tension in scale: Globalization and local diversity • • • • People care deeply Derive core values and beliefs Some religions appeal globally and others locally How people identify themselves and organize the landscape Universalizing and Ethnic Universalizing • Attempt to appeal to people throughout the world • Individual historical founder • Message diffused widely • Followers widely distributed • Attempt to convert • Holidays based on founder’s life events Ethnic • Appeals to people in a particular place • exact origin unknown • Content highly concentrated in place of origin • Followers highly clustered • Born in faith and converts not sought • Holidays based on local climate and agri. calendars Religion – Monotheistic – belief that there is only one God – Polytheistic – belief in a collection of gods – Animist – objects and events in the environment are “animated” • No separation between physical and spiritual worlds – Indigenous – local and passed on by family and tribe (no shared tenet among groups) – Shamanist – community faith: follow shamans Religion – Branch – large and fundamental division within a religion – Denomination – division of branch, unites local congregations in admin. Body – Sect – small group broken away from denomination Buddhist Holy Places: Lumbini, Nepal – Birthplace of Buddha Dodh Gaya, India – Buddha reaches Enlightenment Bodh (Bo) Tree Mahayanists Japan Theravadists Cambodia Leshan Giant Buddha - China Islamic Holy Places: Mecca Al Harim Al Sharif Mosque- The Ka’ba Islamic Holy Places: Medina’s mosques Hierarchy… Hindu Holy Places National Regional/Sectarian Local Mt. Kailas, Source of Ganges (home of Shiva) Ganges River bathing Holy Places in Conflict: Jerusalem Christian Quarter Church of the Holy Sepulchre – significance Jesus (mosque next door) Holy Places in Conflict: Jerusalem Armenian Quarter David’s Tower of the Citadel Jaffa Gate and Citadel (built by Romans 2000 years ago) Holy Places in Conflict: Jerusalem Muslim (Arab) Quarter Temple Mountain – Dome of the Rock – built on 2nd temple and where Muhammad ascends to heaven , Al Aqsa Mosque Holy Places in Conflict: Jerusalem Jewish Quarter Western Wall (only remaining section of the Second Temple) Places of Worship Religious elements on the landscape Vatican Basilicas Basilicas St Mary’s – Krakow, Poland Basilica of St. Francis Xavier – Dryersville, Iowa Church of St. Patrick – Dungannah, Ireland Eastern Orthodox - Russian St. Basil’s Cathedral - Moscow St. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral - Howell (Lakewood), NJ Eastern Orthodox - Greek Athens, Greece Dayton, OH Coptic Cathedrals –Egypt Ethiopian Christian Church Trinity Cathedral – Addis Ababa Armenian Christian Church Maronite Christian Church - Lebanon Buddhist Temples Temple of Emerald Buddha - Thailand Tibet Buddhist Temples Japan China Buddhist Temples Korea Nepal Buddhist Temples Laos Burma Buddhist Temples Angkor Wat Temple, the world's largest religious monument - Cambodia Ho Chi Minh City Buddhist Temples Los Angeles Buddhist Pagodas Hindu Temples Pittsburgh Chicago Hindu Temples Muslim Mosques Zahir Mosque, Malaysia Sultan Ahmet Mosque Istanbul Faisal Mosque Islamabad, Pakistan Hagia Sophia Islamic Holy Places: Mecca Al Harim Al Sharif Mosque- The Ka’ba http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=psy9gk5v6Pg &feature=related (Anthony Bourdain Indonesia – call to prayer http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eF47Ec5w BK4&feature=related (journalist in city)
