Download Volcano Stations Review Answers

Volcano Stations
REVIEW ANSWERS
ANSWER
1. Why are volcanoes considered a
“window” into the Earth’s interior?
• They allow us to study material that comes
from deep within the crust and possibly
from parts of the mantle.
ANSWER
2. What is the difference between a lava
flow and a pyroclastic flow?
• Lava flows are molten rock while
pyroclastic flows are rock fragments, dust,
ash & gases
ANSWER
3. (a) Besides water, what makes magma explosive?
High Silica content.
(b) Where do explosive volcanoes get their high
water content in their magma?
Explosive volcanoes
occur along subduction
zones where ocean
water also becomes
subducted with the plate.
ANSWER
4. (a) Which pyroclastic material is about the
size of a quarter?
– Lapilla (cinders)
(b) Provide THREE ways pyroclastic flows can
be deadly:
– Speed of the cinders
– Extreme heat
– Poisonous gas
ANSWER
5. What is the difference between pahoehoe lava and aa
lava?
• Its viscosity – pahoehoe has high viscosity (flows
slowly), while aa has low viscosity (flows quickly)
Pahoehoe lava
aa lava
ANSWER
6. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as
either explosive or nonexplosive?
(B) Kilauea
eruption NONEXPLOSIVE
(A) Aleutian Island Volcano EXPLOSIVE
(C) Eruption along
midocean ridge NONEXPLOSIVE
(D) Mayon Volcano, Philippines EXPLOSIVE
ANSWER
7. Identify the pictures below as one of the
THREE types of volcanoes.
(A) Mount Fuji, Japan
– STRATOVOLCANO
(C) Sunset Crater, Arizona –
CINDER CONE
(B) Iceland volcano – SHIELD VOLCANO
ANSWER
8. Explain how composite (strato) volcanoes are
made in layers.
•
These types of volcanoes alternate between
having lava flows and then producing
pyroclastic material so the sides are built by
layers of these 2 types of material
ANSWER
9. How does solid rock in the asthenosphere become
liquid in a magma chamber of a volcano?
• As rock in the asthenosphere rises from differences in
temperature & density, pressure decreases allowing the
putty like rock to melt and rise into a magma chamber.
ANSWER
10. How can a volcano affect global temperature?
• The volcanic dust and sulfur gas stay suspended
in the atmosphere for long periods of time
(possibly years) spreading across the globe and
blocking the amount of solar radiation reaching
the Earth.
Redoubt in Alaska
Mount Pinatubo