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Plate Tectonics & Mountain Building The World’s Mountain Ranges Himalayas Rockies Alps Andes Alpine-Himalayan Belt Circum-Pacific Belt Plate Tectonics Structure of the Earth Structure of the Earth Crust Mantle Core Lithosphere = Crust + Upper Mantle Asthenosphe re Lower Mantle : convection currents of magma Plate Tectonics Plates and Plate margins The World’s major Plates North American Plate Eurasian Plate Africa n Plate Plate Plate IndoAustralia Australian Plate Plate Pacific Plate South American Nazca Plate Plate Plates movements & Plate margins How do the plates move? Diverging; Converging; lateral movement Plate margins: Diverging/Constructive plate margin Converging/Destructive plate margin Conservative/Passive plate margin The lithosphere and the asthenosphere Lithosphere Asthenosphere Constructive Plate Margin : Oceans Magma thrusts up Oceanic Ridge Rifting/faulting Mid-Atlantic Ridge Indian Ridge Constructive Plate Margin: continent Lava intrusion and extrusion Plate movement Displacement of rock strata under normal faulting East African Rift Valley System Oldoiyo Volcano, E. African Rift Valley Destructive Plate Margin Sea Trench Rising magma Melting of crust Sea Trenches Passive Plate Margin San Andrea’s Fault San Andrea’s Fault Plate Margins & Ocean Floors