Download Earth on the Move

Earth on the Move
Earth Structure & Plate
Tectonics Notes
Core




i)
Deep within the
Earth is the core
ii) The core is made
mostly of nickel & iron
iii) Twice as dense as
the mantle.
Main source of heat
that triggers the
convection currents
Baker 7th grade science 20032004
The core is made of two layers


(1) Outer core:
molten (liquid) nickel
and iron
Inner core: solid
nickel and iron
– Densest layer of the
earth
Baker 7th grade science 20032004
Mantle
Full of very hot
rock that flows
 Where magma is
located
 Thickest layer/ 6075%
 Most of the earth’s
mass 80%

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Mantle

3 Parts of the
Mantle
– Mesosphere
– Asthenosphere
– Lithosphere
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Mesosphere


Strong lower part of
mantle
Between outer core
and asthenosphere
Baker 7th grade science 20032004
Asthenosphere



Hot, weak zone
directly under the
lithosphere
Flows at a very slow
rate
Has convection
currents that moves
tectonic plates
Baker 7th grade science 20032004
Lithoshpere



Thin, uppermost part of
the mantle; cooler & less
rigid
Floats on the
athenosphere, and slides
around very slowly.
(iii) The upper part of the
lithosphere melts rocks,
forming a substance called
magma.
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In Mantle

Convection Current:
process by which
hot fluid or rock
rises to the
surface and cool
rock sinks.
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Crust
outermost thinnest
layer of the Earth.
 2 types of crust

– Oceanic – made of
basalt – more dense
– Continental – made of
granite – less dense
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Lithosphere
Thinnest physical
layer
 Floats on the
asthenosphere

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Seismic Waves

The speed tells us
about the earth’s
interior
– How thick
– How dense
– Solid or liquid
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Earth, Inside & Out

1.
2.
3.
3 Compositional
Layers
Crust
Mantle
Core

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5 Physical Layers
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Mesosphere
Outer Core
Inner Core
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Inner Core

Composition
– iron + nickel

Thickness
– 1,230 km

State of Matter
– solid
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Outer Core

Composition
– iron + nickel

Thickness
– 2,200 km

State of Matter
– liquid
Baker 7th grade science 20032004
Mantle

Composition
– Silicon, magnesium,
aluminum

Thickness
– 2,900 km

State of Matter
– Plasma
Baker 7th grade science 20032004
Crust

Composition
– Oxygen, silicon,
aluminum

Thickness
– 5-100 km

State of Matter
– solid
Baker 7th grade science 20032004