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WITHDRAWN: Antiepileptic drugs fo... [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI Resources How To My NCBI Sign In PubMed PubMed US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Display Settings: Search Search Advanced Abstract Help Send to: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Jun 13;6:CD000173. WITHDRAWN: Antiepileptic drugs for preventing seizures following acute traumatic brain injury. Save items Add to Favorites Schierhout G, Roberts I. c/o Cochrane Injuries Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. [email protected] Abstract BACKGROUND: Seizure activity in the early post-traumatic period following head injury may cause secondary brain damage as a result of increased metabolic demands, raised intracranial pressure and excess neurotransmitter release. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of prophylactic anti-epileptic agents for acute traumatic head injury. Related citations in PubMed Review Anti-epileptic drugs for hrane Database Systfollowing Rev. 2001] preventing seizures Review Anti-epileptic drugs for hrane Database Systfollowing Rev. 2000] preventing seizures Final Report on Carcinogens SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Injuries Group specialised register, MEDLINE Rep CarcinogDocument Backgr Doc. Background for 2010] and the registers of the Cochrane Stroke Group and Cochrane Epilepsy Group. We contacted Prophylactic antiepileptic agents pharmaceutical companies who manufacture anti-epileptic agents, the National Institute of Neurol Neurosurg after head injury: aPsychiatry....] systematic Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Epilepsy Division, and the United States' National Institute of Review Mannitol for acute Health. hrane Database Syst Rev. 2005] traumatic brain injury. SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised trials of anti-epileptic agents, in which study participants had a clinically defined acute traumatic head injury of any severity. Trials in which the See reviews... intervention was started more than eight weeks after injury were excluded. See all... DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the trial quality. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated for each trial on an intention-to-treat basis, which included pre-drug loading exclusions. As long as statistical heterogeneity did not exist, for dichotomous data, summary relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a fixed effects model. Where the source of heterogeneity could obviously be related to allocation concealment, drug type, or drug dose, we stratified the analyses on that dimension. MAIN RESULTS: We identified 10 eligible randomised controlled trials, including 2036 participants, but data was unavailable for four unpublished trials, representing 631 participants and they were excluded. For the remaining six trials, the pooled relative risk (RR) for early seizure prevention was 0.34 (95%CI 0.21, 0.54); based on this estimate, for every 100 patients treated, 10 would be kept seizure free in the first week. Seizure control in the acute phase was not accompanied by a reduction in mortality (RR = 1.15; 95%CI 0.89, 1.51), a reduction in death and neurological disability (RR = 1.49; 95%CI 1.06, 2.08 for carbamazepine and RR = 0.96; 95%CI 0.72, 1.26 for phenytoin) or a reduction in late seizures (pooled RR = 1.28; 95%CI 0.90, 1.81). The pooled relative risk for skin rashes was 1.57 (95%CI 0.57, 39.88). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic anti-epileptics are effective in reducing early seizures, but there is no evidence that treatment with prophylactic anti-epileptics reduces the occurrence of late seizures, or has any effect on death and neurological disability. Insufficient evidence is available to establish the net benefit of prophylactic treatment at any time after injury. Update of Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(4):CD000173. PMID: 22696316 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22696316[8/14/2012 12:16:38 AM] Recent activity Turn Off Clear WITHDRAWN: Antiepileptic drugs for preventing PubMed cochrane review seizure PubMed prophylaxis (33) cochrane review (21256) PubMed Prospective, randomized, PubMed single-blinded comparative Phenytoin versus PubMed Leviteracetam for Seizure See more... WITHDRAWN: Antiepileptic drugs fo... [Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012] - PubMed - NCBI Publication Types, MeSH Terms, Substances LinkOut - more resources You are here: NCBI > Literature > PubMed Write to the Help Desk GETTING STARTED RESOURCES POPULAR FEATURED NCBI INFORMATION NCBI Education Chemicals & Bioassays PubMed Genetic Testing Registry About NCBI NCBI Help Manual Data & Software Nucleotide PubMed Health Research at NCBI NCBI Handbook DNA & RNA BLAST GenBank NCBI Newsletter Training & Tutorials Domains & Structures PubMed Central Reference Sequences NCBI FTP Site Genes & Expression Gene Map Viewer NCBI on Facebook Genetics & Medicine Bookshelf Human Genome NCBI on Twitter Genomes & Maps Protein Mouse Genome NCBI on YouTube Homology OMIM Influenza Virus Literature Genome Primer-BLAST Proteins SNP Sequence Read Archive Sequence Analysis Structure Taxonomy Training & Tutorials Variation Copyright | Disclaimer | Privacy | Accessibility | Contact National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22696316[8/14/2012 12:16:38 AM]