Download Chapter 3.1 What is a mineral?

Chapter 3.1 Minerals
A mineral is….
1. Naturally occurring
2. Definite chemical composition
– E.g. mineral hematite Fe2O3
3. Crystalline form
– Predictable crystal patterns
4. Solid
5. Inorganic
– Formed via crystallization =
particles dissolved in liquid
solidify and form crystals
– Can crystallize from either hot or
cold solutions
Today
• Mini Lab
– Look at salt vs epson salt under the microscope
– Questions:
1. How can you distinguish between a crystal of table
salt and Epsom salt?
2. How do minerals form? Look at pages 82 – 83.
• How do you identify a mineral? Justification
practice.
Chapter 3.1 Minerals
A mineral is….
1. Naturally occurring
2. Definite chemical composition
– E.g. mineral hematite Fe2O3
3. Crystalline form
– Predictable crystal patterns
4. Solid
5. Inorganic
– Formed via crystallization =
particles dissolved in liquid
solidify and form crystals
– Can crystallize from either hot or
cold solutions
How do minerals form?
• Minerals from cool solutions
– Water can only hold a certain amount of dissolved
solids
• Minerals from hot solutions
– Hot fluid flow through cracks in Earth’s crust
• Minerals from magma
– Magma = molten rock stored beneath Earth’s surface
– Lava = molten rock erupts on Earth’s surface
– Minerals form when lava cools
Make your own mineral identification booklet!
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Include: color, luster, streak, hardness, cleavage
and fracture, density and special properties
Explain how the property can be used to identify
the mineral (3 important points).
Give two example minerals which shows that
property.
Decorate your mineral identification booklet.
Look at pages 87 – 91 to guide you. Check out
http://www.minsocam.org/msa/collectors_corne
r/id/mineral_id_keyi1.htm
Chapter 3.2 How are minerals identified?
EQ: What are minerals and how are they useful?
TODAY
1. Submit your “is it a mineral” sheet if you did not last class.
Have your mineral identification booklet out.
2. Feedback distributer: Priscilla
Mineral resources
• Average person uses 22,000 kg of mineral
resources each year
• Automotive industry, agriculture and food
production, road/home/building construction
Fluorite
• Used in production of
hydrofluoric acid, which
is used in the pottery,
ceramics, and plastics
industries
• Toothpaste
Halite (sodium chloride)
• Used in human and
animal diet
• Food seasoning and
food preservation
• Soap manufacturing
• Highway de-icing
Mica
• Sheet muscovite
(white) mica is used in
electronic insulators
• ground mica in paints,
and in plastics,
roofing, rubber
Pyrite & Corundum
• Pyrite: Fool’s gold
• Corundum:
– Transparent
specimens: ruby or
sapphire