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January 12th Get your composition book and your science book and sit down and answer the following questions in your composition book. 1. What are the four characteristics of minerals? 1. Formed in Nature – Inorganic 2. Solid 3. Crystal Structure 4. Definite Chemical Make-up 2. What are the four layers of the Earth? 1. Crust 2. Mantle 3. Outer Core 4. Inner Core Notes - Jan. 12th All Minerals are made up of Elements Inorganic means made from a non-living substance Solid - Matter with a definite shape and a definite volume The more pressure the tighter the bonds in the crystal structure (example diamond and graphite) January 13th Get in your seat/groups and then answer the following questions in your composition book. 1. List the five ways that minerals form? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Water Evaporates Hot Water Cools Molten Rock Cools Heat and Pressure cause changes Organisms produce minerals 2. What is the most common group of minerals? Silicates They contain oxygen and silicon the two most common elements in the Earth’s crust https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYvye0CVbU0 Notes - Jan. 13th https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7REA353_6H8&lis t=FLRgGj3XoabULJSOTRWyhI7Q&index=1 Water Evaporates ● Water evaporates along the shoreline ● Leaves behind substance that were dissolved in that water ● The substances CRYSTALLIZE together to form a mineral ● Examples - Halite and Gypsum Notes Jan. 13th Hot water Cools ● Hot water dissolves minerals in the crust ● The water cools and the dissolved minerals separate and CRYSTALLIZE into a solid ● Atoms can join together and make new minerals ● Examples - Gold and Galena Notes Jan. 13th Molten Rock cools ● When Magma (below Earth’s surface) cools and CRYSTALLIZES ● Magma cools and atoms join to form different minerals ● Lava (reaches Earth’s surface) CRYSTALLIZES ● Examples - Quartz and Mica Notes Jan 13th Heat and Pressure cause change ● Heat and Pressure cause minerals to form new minerals - bonds break apart and RECRYSTALLIZE into new ones ● The more pressure the stronger the bonds ● Examples - Graphite and Diamond Notes Jan. 13th Organisms produce minerals ● There is always an exception - a few minerals are made by living organisms ● Oysters, clams, and even you produce minerals - these minerals are also produced in nature by non-living substances ● Examples - Apatite and Calcite January 14th Get your book and composition book, sit down, and answer the following questions! 1. How is Halite (rock salt) formed? Halite is formed when water evaporates! 2. All substances must ______________ before turning into a solid mineral. CRYSTALLIZE Jan. 15th and 16th - Computer Lab Gizmo on Mineral Identification Group A - White Paper Group B - Pink Paper Group C - Gold Paper Jan. 20th Get your composition book, your science book, and a chromebook. Then answer the following questions. 1. What is the luster of a mineral? How do you find it? Luster is the way light reflects off a mineral. You find the luster by looking at the mineral in the light. 2. What is the streak of a mineral and how do you find it? Streak is the color of the powder that is left behind when a mineral is rubbed across a streak plate. You find streak by using a streak plate and rubbing the mineral across it. Jan. 21st Get your composition book and science book. Get to work on your stations that you started yesterday! These stations are due at the end of class today. Jan. 22nd Get a copy of your application test and a baggie of goodies to help you complete your test. Jan. 23rd Get a copy of your written test and then you may begin.