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Earth’s Interior
Chapter Four
By: Dr. Gilbert
5/23/2017
1
Introduction
Geologist must rely on indirect evidence
to study earth’s interior.
They must study the paths of seismic
waves.
Seismic waves are waves that are
produced when an earthquake occurs.
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Introduction
Geologist record the seismic waves and study
how they travel through Earth.
Using data produced by these waves, Geologist
have learned that the Earth’s interior is made
up of several layers, like an onion.
Three main layers that make up the Earth’s
interior:
The Crust
The Mantle
The Core
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A Journey Into the Center of the Earth
As You dig into the center of the Earth
there are two things that happen:
1.
2.
The temperature increases
The pressure increases
•
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Pressure is the force of pushing on a surface
or area.
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A Journey Into the Center of the Earth
As you go towards the center of
Earth, you will travel through three
main layers
1. Crust
1. Oceanic Crust
2. Continental Crust
2. Mantle
1. Lithosphere
2. Asthenosphere
3. Core
1. Outer Core
2. Inner Core
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The Crust
The crust is the Earth’s outer skin
The crust includes both land and
ocean.
Below the ocean floor lies the oceanic
crust and the continental crust.
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The Crust
The oceanic crust consist mostly of
basalt rock.
Basalt is a dark, dense rock with a fine
texture.
The continental crust is the crust that
forms continents. It mostly consists of
granite.
Granite is a rock that has larger crystals
and is not as dense as basalt.
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Compare the two rocks:Basalt and Granite
What do you see and feel?
Basalt
Granite
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
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The Mantle
Below the crust is the Mantle, a layer
of hot rock
Lithosphere is a layer of the mantle that
includes the upper part of the mantle
and the crust
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The Mantle
Asthenosphere is a layer of the mantle
that is:
Soft and beneath the lithosphere
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The Core
The core consists of two parts
1.
2.
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Outer Core
Inner Core
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The Core
Outer Core
1.
2.
Surrounds the inner core
A layer of molten metal
Inner core
1.
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A dense ball of solid metal
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