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CLASSIFICATION
NOTES
6 CHARACTERISTICS OF
LIFE:
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CHEMICALS OF LIFE
CELLS
GROWTH
REPRODUCE
ENERGY
RESPOND/ADAPT
ALL LIVING THINGS NEED:
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WATER
FOOD
SPACE TO LIVE
HOMEOSTASIS
Classification
?
Classification
The process of
grouping things
together by
similarities
Taxonomy….
the science of classification
• Groups similar organisms
together
• Assigns each a name
Naming Organisms
• Common name (lion) &
scientific name (Panthera leo)
• 1 scientific name
• Usually Latin or Greek
• Developed by Linnaeus
• Two-word naming system
Binomial Nomenclature
• Scientific name
• Written in italics or underlined
–1st word  genus: capitalized
–2nd word  species: lower case
–Example: Felis concolor
(genus)(species)
• Can be abbreviated: genus
represented by first letter only
–Example: F. concolor
Aristotle
• 1st classification system
• Organism were either plants or
animals
• Plants: shrubs, herbs, trees
• Animals: backbone or no
backbone
Linnaeus
• Devised the current system of classification
• As follows:
– Kingdom (broad)
– Phylum
– Class
– Order
– Family
– Genus
– Species (specific/most closely related; can
interbreed)
“King Phillip Came Over From Germany Swimming”
3 domains:
• New system; broader than
kingdoms
1. Eukarya – have eukaryotic cells
(Fungi, Protista, Plantae, Animalia)
2. Bacteria – unicellular organisms
3. Archaea – unicellular; different
from bacteria
# of cells
Energy Cell
(trophic) types
Archaebacteria
unicellular
auto or
chemo
prokaryotic extremophiles
Eubacteria
unicellular
auto &
hetero
Fungae
most
hetero
multicellular
Plantae
multicellular auto
prokaryotic bacteria,
E.Coli
eukaryotic mushroom,
yeast
eukaryotic trees, grass
Animalia multicellular hetero
Protista
most
unicellular
eukaryotic
hetero or eukaryotic
auto
Examples
humans,
worms
amoeba,
paramecia