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Protists • What is a protist? • Protist Diversity • Diseases Caused by protists Protists Have Complex Cells • Eukaryotic-with a nuclear membrane • Membrane bound organelles • Single-celled and multicellular algae Movement • Flagellum- whip-like tail –Euglena, Dinoflagellates • Cilia-hair-like projections that work like oars in water –Paramecium • Pseudopods (false foot) –Amoeba Amoeba Paramecium Paramecium Diatoms Diatoms Dinoflagellate = red tide Euglena Algae Spirogyra Stentor Vorticella Volvox –colony protists Respond to the environment • Detect light, touch, and chemical changes in their environment. • Eyespots and other organelles detect these changes Reproduction Because eukaryotes have numerous chromosomes, • Meiosis (gametes form) • Mitosis (conjugation-joining gametes) Evolutionary Lines Prokaryotes • Heterotrophic bacteria = mitochondria • Autotrophic bacteria = chloroplasts Eukaryotes • Plants evolve from autotrophic protists • Animals and fungi have evolved from heterotrophic protists Autotrophic Protists • Microscopic Diatoms, phytoplankton, zooplankton • Brown, Green, Red algae are multi-cellular (sea weeds) Heterotrophic Protists • Consumers • Slime molds, water molds • Amoeba, Paramecium, Stentor (animal-like) • Trichonympha in termite guts • Plasmodium causes malaria Diseases • Anopheles (mosquitoes) bite infected animal. • Spores form in mosquito gut. • Spores are injected into host and reproduce in blood cells. • Asexual spores infect liver and burst out of cells Diseases Caused by Protists Disease Host Organism Amoebic dysentary Humans Malaria Toxoplamosis Humans Plasmodium Cats/humans Toxoplasma Giardiasis Entamoeba Humans Sleeping Sickness Tsetse flies Leishmaniasis Sand flies Giardia Trypanosoma Leishmania Late blight Phytophthora Potatoes
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