Download Immunologic Diseases and Conditions

Chapter 3
Infectious Diseases
Terms
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Contagious or communicable: Diseases
transmitted by human contact.
Non-communicable: Cannot be transmitted
directly from person to person.
Endemic: Occurs at low levels in a
population.
Epidemic: Occurs in unusually large
numbers over a specific area.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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Infectious Agents and Pathenogenic
Microorganisms
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Viruses
Bacteria
Protozoa
Fungi
Helminths (parasitic worms)
Nosocomial infections: Hospital acquired
infections.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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Occupational Exposure and Prevention
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How Exposed:
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Wet hands
Coughs
Needles
Surface of money, paper, etc.
Prevention:
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Wash hands in warm soapy water
Dry hands thoroughly, turn off water with paper
towel
Extra care with needles, sharp objects
Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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Common Childhood Preventable
Infectious Diseases
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Measles (rubeola)
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Mumps
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Signs and symptoms: fever, cough, runny
nose, fatigue, then rash.
Signs and symptoms: fever, headache, loss of
appetite, swelling and pain in the parotid
glands (neck).
German Measles (rubella)
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Signs and symptoms: None at first, then rash,
in teens and adults – headache, loss of
appetite, inflammation of eyelids, painful
joints.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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Common Childhood Preventable
Infectious Diseases
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Chickenpox
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Whooping Cough
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Signs and symptoms: runny or stuffy nose,
fever, sneezing, cough, then itchy rash.
Signs and symptoms: runny nose, sneezing,
mild cough, low-grade fever, coughing spells
ending with whooping sound.
Tetanus
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Signs and symptoms: low-grade fever, sore
throat, stiff neck, lock jaw, muscle spasms
and difficulty swallowing.
Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
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