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Transcript 
Taxonomy
The science of
classifying living
things
Taxonomy is essential because:
 Need
for order and organization
 Ease of adding newly discovered
organism
 Goes beyond language barriers
 Goes beyond common names
 Helps show relationships
History of
Classification
Aristotle
– classified org.
into 2 groups:
Plants
Animals

History….
Problem:
plants were
classified by structure,
animals by habitat
INCONSISTENT
History…
Carolus
Linneaus –
introduced “binomial
nomenclature”
Each organism given
2 word Latin name
st
1
name – genus (noun)
nd
2
name – species (adj.)
Name is underlined OR
italicized
System based entirely on
structure
Modern Taxonomy
 Uses
homologous structures
 Comparative biochemistry
 Modern genetics
 Behaviors
 Phylogeny (relationships)
 embryology
Classification System
 System
starts broad and becomes
specific
 Domain
 Kingdom
 Phylum
 Class
 Order
 Family
 Genus
Domains Archae and Eukarya:
Domain is most broad in classification
system.
 There are three domains broken up into 6
kingdoms.
 Domain Archae contains: ancient bacteria
 Domain Bacteria contains: common
pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria
 Domain Eukarya contains: Animal, Plant,
Fungi and Protist kingdoms

Kingdoms….
 1.Archea
Ancient bacteria, contain
autotrophs & heterotrophs
Live in harsh & extreme
conditions
Cell membrane and cell wall
different than Eubacteria
Prokaryotic cells (no nucleus)

Six Kingdoms
 2.Bacteria
Common bacteria
Prokaryote cells
Unicellular
Contain autotrophs
and heterotrophs

Kingdoms….
3.Protista
Eukaryote cells (cells that
contain a nucleus)
Unicellular & multicellular
Animal-like, plantlike,
funguslike
Very diverse group,
autotrophs and heterotrophs

Various protists
Kingdoms…
 4.Fungi
Eukaryote cells
Heterotrophic
Cell walls made of chitin
Unicellular/multicellular
Decomposers
100,000 species

Kingdoms…..
 5.Plantae
Cell walls made of cellulose
(fiber)
Multicellular
Autotrophic
Eukaryote cells
500,000 species
Kingdoms…
 6.Animalia
Multicellular
Heterotrophic
No cell walls
Eukaryote cells

Use your notes to fill in the
chart below !
Characteristics of the Six
Kingdoms: Study for Quiz
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