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Why should medical students be interested in EPIDEMIOLOGY? Very basic concepts What is EPIDEMIOLOGY? Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems. Last ed. Dictionary of Epidemiology But can you imagine what is epidemiology like in clinical practiceby reading definition? Let's see some examples First, I will show you observational data of mortality. Mortality in Area A and Area B Area A Area B dead/populatio n 500/10,000 1000/10,000 mortality 5% 10% If you categorize the populations by age and compare mortality of Area A with that of Area B area A age<60 area B dead/popu 500/10,00 250/5,000 lation 0 mortality dead/popu 60=<age lation mortality 5% 5% 0/0 750/5,000 - 15% The factors should be taken into consideration when you look at the data. age sex race year of birth . Answer CDC revised classification system for HIV (AIDS) infection in 1993 Next example subjects: smokers: 1000 non smokers: 1000 of same age range, sex ratio status of lung cancer for 5 years were observed. Results in 5 years smokers non smokers lung cancer/ 1,000 50/1,000 10/1,000 morbidity 5% 1% If the sample size of both group is not 1,000, but 100. smokers not smokers lung cancer/ total 5/100 1/100 morbidity 5% 1% Next example lung cancer healthy alcohol intake yes/ no 71/29 52/48 yes/no ratio 2.45 1.08 p=0.006 by Chi-square test Non-smokers lung cancer healthy alcohol intake yes/ no 8/22 16/44 yes/no ratio 0.36 0.36 p=1.0 by Chi-square test Smokers lung cancer healthy alcohol intake yes/ no 63/7 36/4 yes/no ratio 9 9 p=1.0 by Chi-square test Why should medical students be interested in EPIDEMIOLOGY? Welcome to the world of Epidemiology