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Chapter 2 Web Site Design Principles Principles of Web Design, Third Edition Objectives Design for the computer medium Create a unified site design Design for the user Design for the screen Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 2 Design for the Computer Medium Craft the look and feel The interface the user must navigate is often called the “look and feel” The way your site works Personality it conveys to the user Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 4 Make Your Design Portable Your Web site design must be portable and accessible across different browsers operating systems computer platforms You must always remember to test your work even when you feel confident of your results Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 5 Design for Low Bandwidth Plan your pages so that they are accessible at a variety of connection speeds If your pages download slowly because they contain large, detailed graphics or complicated animations: your users will leave before they ever see your content Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 6 Plan for clear presentation and easy access Plan for clear presentation and easy access to your information Provide direct links to areas of great demand Avoid looooong scrolling pages, break them if necessary www.refdesk.com Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 7 Create a Unified Site Design Plan Smooth Transitions Plan to create a unified look Reinforce the identifying elements Avoid random, jarring changes in format Consistency creates smooth transitions Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 9 Use a Grid to Provide Visual Structure The grid is a conceptual layout device that organizes content into columns and rows A grid provides visual consistency HTML authors use the table elements to build the grid for their pages CSS will eventually replace tables for layout Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 10 Use Active White Space Use white space deliberately in your design Good use of white space guides the reader and defines the areas of your page Passive white space Blank areas that border the screen or are results of mismatched shapes Active white space is an integral part of your design that structures and separates content Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 11 Design for the User Design for the User Keep your design efforts centered solely around your user (fig. 2-12, 2-13, 2-14) Design for interaction and… Decide whether the user will read or scan Design for location Know your audience; survey them Rank the info and position according to importance Guide the user’s eye Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 13 Design for the User Keep a flat hierarchy…avoid too many layers! Provide plenty of linking options Provide location information Use plenty of textual links Don’t overload the user with too much content “Three-clicks rule” Provide a site map Avoid the temptation!!!!! Design for accessibility Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 14 Design for Accessibility Develop Web pages that remain accessible despite any physical, sensory, and cognitive disabilities Developing accessible content naturally leads to creating good design. Follow W3 Accessibility Initiative guidelines at www.w3.org/WAI/ Adaptive devices for accessible browsing: http://www.w3.org/WAI/References/Browsing Build alternative sites Follow these quick tips: http://www.w3.org/WAI/References/QuickTips/ Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 15 Hands-On Project Ask your classmate what 2 sites are his/her favorites. Write down the complete URL. Visit at least one site and do the following: Visit the home page and a secondary page Indicate if there are unifying characteristics (shared theme, colors, fonts, graphics, page layout or columns, etc.) Indicate if there are areas of active and passive white space (where are they?) Indicate whether the design is appropriate for the content. Submit your results. Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 16 Design for the Screen Design for the Screen The computer display is very different from printbased media The display is landscape-oriented Colors and contrasts are different Computer displays are low-resolution devices Avoid light text on a light background and dark text on a dark background Certain fonts are hard to read Reformat paper documents for online display e.g. Times New Roman font, designed for print, is hard to read online Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 18 Summary Design specifically for the computer medium, considering how the page layout, fonts, and colors you use appear on the screen. Craft an appropriate look and feel and stick with it throughout your site. Test and revise your interface by paying close attention to the demands of online display. Make your design portable by testing it in a variety of browsers, operating systems and computing platforms, and use as low a bandwidth as possible. Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 19 Summary Plan for easy access to your information. Provide logical navigation tools, and do not make users click through more than two or three pages before they get what they want. Design a unified look for your site. Strive for smooth transitions from one page to the next. Create templates for your grid structure and apply them consistently. Use active white space as an integral part of your design. Use text, color, and object placement to guide the user’s eye. Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 20 Summary Know your audience and design pages that suit their needs, interests, and viewing preferences. Leverage the power of hypertext linking. Provide enough links for the users to create their own path through your information. Design your text for online display, considering the differences between the screen and the page. Principles of Web Design, Third Edition 21