Download BIOL 204 – Lab 13 The Reproductive System

BIOL 204 – Lab 13
The Reproductive System Anatomy
Objective 1
A.
Structures of the Male Reproductive Tract
The Scrotum
Location
Structure
Function(s)
located outside of the
body cavity; below
the root of the penis
and the pubic
symphysis
is a pouch of thin, dark
skin
hold the testes outside of the
body cavity
the walls of the scrotum
contain the dartos muscle
which, when contracted,
gives the scrotum a wrinkled
appearance
contains numerous
sebaceous glands
the cremaster muscle raises
and lowers the testes to
ensure proper temperature
for sperm production
Scrotum
Tubules
Location
Epididymus
superior aspect
of each testes
Structure
comma shaped
tube in a coil
(6 m long)
Function
adsorb excess testicular fluid
and secrete factors that make
sperms more mature and motile
has a head, a
body and a tail
Epididymus (Pink)
H = head
B = body
T = tail
The Testes
Location
Structure
Function(s)
Each teste lies obliquely
in the scrotum
-oval; weight 10-14 g
-4cmX 3cm X 2.5 cm
-spermatogensis
-manufactures hormones
supplied by the testicular artery and the testicular vein
each teste is covered by a white, inelastic capsule called the
tunica albuginea
internally the teste is divided into 150 lobules
each lobule has 1-3 seminiferous tubules
Vas (Ductus)
Deferens
Location
Structure
Function
travels upward
into the body
cavity as part
of the spermatic
cord
an epithelial tube carries sperm into the body
about 45 cm
cavity
long; the expanded
end is called the
ampulla
it arches medially over the ureter and descends along the
posterior wall of the urinary bladder
Location
Ejaculatory Duct
Structure
passes from the a short, 3cm
vas deferens
epithelial tube
through the
prostate gland,
to the penile urethra
Function
carries semen from the
vas deferens to the
urethra
Ejaculatory Duct
Location
Urethra
Structure
Function
extends from the there are three
urinary bladder
portions:
to the tip of the
penis
carries both urine and
semen to the surface of the
body
Prostatic portion: 2.5 cm long; begins at the internal urethral
orifice and extends through the prostate gland
Intramenbranous part (Membranous portion): 1.5 cm long; travels
through the urogenital diaphragm; the
bulbourethral glands are at either side
Penile portion:
15 cm long; travels through the penis in the
corpus spongiosum
prostatic
intramenbranous
penile
Glands
Stucture
Location
Seminal vesicles lobular, paired
posterior aspect
glands about 5 cm of the bladder
long
Vas Deferens
Seminal vesical
Prostate gland
Function(s)
produce about 1.5 to 3 ml of sticky
yellow fluid that contains fructose
and other nutrients for sperm and
prostaglandins and vesciculase, a
coagulating enzyme
Structure
Prostate Gland a single, donut
shaped gland
Location
Function(s)
encircles the
urethra at the
base of the
bladder
produces 0.5-1 ml of
slightly acidic fluid which
contains enzymes which
activate and nourish sperm
Prostate adrenocarcinoma
note whitish area at the periphery
Bulbourethral
Glands
Structure
Location
Function(s)
small, paired
glands
located in the
urogenital
diaphragm,
inferior to the
prostate gland
produce a few drops of
alkaline mucus which helps
to neutralize vaginal acids
Bulbourethral gland
E. The Penis
The penis is composed of tissue organized into three columns:
(2) corpora cavernosa and (1) corpus spongiosum
-
the corpora cavernosa contains vascular sinuses
-
the corpus spongiosum contains the penile urethra; it expands at its end
to form the glans penis; the glans is covered by a loose fold of tissue
called the prepuce (foreskin)
Nerve Supply:
-sensory (pudendal and ilioinguinal nerves)
-Motor (pudendal to muscles; ANS via the pelvic splanchnic nerve
-SNS causes vasoconstriction and PNS causes vasodilation
Blood Supply
-the internal pudendal artery and the external pudendal artery
-The internal pudendal veins and the external pudendal veins; there are
also two dorsal veins
Objective 2
Histology
Microscopic Anatomy of the Penis – X Section
Testes
Sperm
Objective 3
Gross Anatomy - Female
Note the uterus (with fundus, myometrium, cervix, perimetrium,
endometrium, body); the ovaries, uterine tubes (with fimbriae),
vagina, and the ligaments (suspensory ligament, broad ligament,
ovarian ligament, round ligament)
Lateral View -
Ovary and Fallopian Tube
of a Multiparous Woman
A benign
Paratubular Cyst
Ovary with Ligament
Ectopic Pregnancy
Ovaries, Uterine Tubes, Uterus and Vagina
of a 40 year old multparous woman
Uterus
Unfixed
Bicornuate Uterus
Rare in humans –
this woman never
carried a fetus to
term.
Female External Genitalia -Vulva
Female Breast Anatomy
Objective 4
Ovary
Histology
Corpus
Luteum
Corpus
Albicans
Male Cat Urogenital System
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Scrotum
Glans Penis
Prepuce (Foreskin)
Testis
Epididymus
NA
Spermatic Cord
Abdominal Wall
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
NA
Internal Spermatic Artery
Vas Deferens
Bladder
Urethra
Prostate Gland
NA
Shaft of Penis
Female Cat Urogenital System
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Urethra
Body of Uterus
Bladder
Uterine Horn
Broad Ligament
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Ovarian Ligament
Ovary
Suspensory Ligament
Fallopian Tube
NA