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#1 Lecture 5: Iris Recognition Ioannis Pavlidis COSC 6397 6397- Information Assurance U of H Genotype and Phenotype #2 • Genotype refers to a genetic constitution, or a group sharing it. – blood group and DNA • Phenotype refers to the actual expression of a feature through the interaction of genotype, development, and environment. – face, fingerprint, and iris • Genotypic Error Rate is the minimum False Match Rate (e.g., identical twins). • Phenotypic Error Rate is the minimum False Rejection rate (e.g., facial appearance) COSC 6397- Information Assurance U of H Properties of the Iris #3 • The iris is composed of elastic connective tissue. • It consists of pectinate ligaments adhering into a tangled mesh revealing striations, ciliary processes, crypts, rings, furrows, a corona, sometimes freckles, and vasculature. • Pupillary motion provides a “live ness” test in high security applications. COSC 6397- Information Assurance U of H Localization and Analysis of Iris Patterns #4 • We localize the inner and outer boundaries of the iris. This is accomplished through integrodifferential operations. • A normalized coordinate system is defined, which is invariant to size (e.g., camera zoom and distance to the eye). • The iris pattern is encoded into a 256-byte “IrisCode” by demodulating it with 2D Gabor wavelets, which represent the texture by phasors in the complex plane. max( r, x0 , y0 ) G ( r ) * COSC 6397- Information Assurance I ( x, y ) ds r r , x0 , y0 2 r U of H Independence and DOF in IrisCodes #5 • It is important to establish that there exists independent variation in iris patterns, across populations and across positions in the iris. • This is confirmed by tracking the possibility of a bit being set. • The fact that the plot is flat at a value of 0.5 means that any given bit in an IrisCode is equally likely to be set or cleared. COSC 6397- Information Assurance U of H