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Download Introduction to ACT: the comparative genome
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Sequence Analysis with Sequence Analysis withArtemis Artemis and and Artemis ArtemisComparison Comparison Tool Tool(ACT) (ACT) Carribean Bioinformatics Workshop Carribean Bioinformatics Workshop th th 1818th -29 January, 2010 -29th January, 2010 Whole genomes Chromosomal rearrangements Pathogenicity islands/prophages Gene acquisition and loss Gene rearrangements Pseudogenes Phase variation Single nucleotides Representing sequence similarity/identity MQALL… …RHP Region sharing similarity (BlastP) MAVV… …RHP ACT- Artemis Comparison Tool Orthologue of E. coli b0169 Orthologue of E. coli b0170 Orthologue of E. coli b0171 Genome 1 Genome 2 Region of Synteny Genome 1 Genome 2 Looking for ‘pseudogenes’ Genome 1 Genome 2 Rearrangements Genome 1 Genome 2 Insertion or deletion Genome 1 Genome 2 Paralogous gene family expansions ACT Prokaryotic examples Whole genomes: S. typhi vs. E. coli SPI-2 SPI-9 SPI-1 SPI-7 Vi SPI-10 S. typhi DNA matches E. coli Multiple genomes B. pertussis IS elements B. bronchiseptica prophage B. parapertussis IS elements Burkholderia pseudomallei vs Burkholderia mallei Whole genomes: S. aureus Mu50 vs. N315 Multiple genomes Mu50 N315 MRSA252 MSSA476 MW2 Pathogenicity islands/prophages type IV pilus sopE Vi antigen tRNA-Phe S. typhi E. coli Gene acquisition and loss Insect toxin Y. pestis Y. enterocolitica Small rearrangements Pseudogenes secreted effector protein (type-III) S. typhi S. typhimurium ACT Eukaryotic examples Viewing AnnotationininArtemis: ACT: Viewing Annotation P. P. falciparum 3D7 P. chabaudi chabaudi AS AS vs & P. T. annulata & T. parva comparison (Chr 3) • • • • Synteny Genus-specific expansion Species-specific expansion Species-specific genes ACT comparison: 3 malaria species P. yoelii P. falciparum P. knowlesi Pseudogenes P. chabaudi AS P. falciparum 3D7 Generating ACT comparison files using WebACT ACT comparison files (‘crunch’ files) ACT supports three different comparison file formats: 1) BLAST version 2.2.2 output: The blastall command must be run with the -m 8 flag which generates one line of information per HSP. 2) MegaBLAST output: ACT can also read the output of MegaBLAST, which is part of the NCBI blast distribution. 3) MSPcrunch output: MSPcrunch is program for UNIX and GNU/Linux systems which can post-process BLAST version 1 output into an easier to read format. ACT can only read MSPcrunch output with the -d flag. Here is an example of an ACT readable comparison file generated by MSPcrunch -d. 1399 97.00 940 2539 sequence1.dna 1 1596 AF140550.seq 1033 93.00 9041 10501 sequence1.dna 9420 10880 AF140550.seq 828 95.00 6823 7890 sequence1.dna 7211 8276 AF140550.seq 773 94.00 2837 3841 sequence1.dna 2338 3342 AF140550.seq The columns have the following meanings (in order): score, percent identity, match start in the query sequence, match end in the query sequence, query sequence name, subject sequence start, subject sequence end, subject sequence name. The columns should be separated by single spaces. Basic features of Artemis Comparison Tool (ACT)
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