Download Genetics Vocabulary

Mendelian Inheritance
Vocabulary
Mendleian
Genetics Vocabulary
Some Genetics Vocabulary
• Inherited: something that you got from your
parents
• Traits: characteristics that you inherit from
your parents
• Genetics: the study of inheritance and
variation (differences)
• Gregor Mendel: monk in the mid 1800s who
studied pea plants
Gregor Mendel
• 19th Century (mid 1800s)
Austrian monk who studied
pea plants
• Trained as a mathematician
and natural scientist
• Basic principles of hereditary
• 28,000 pea plants experiments
between 1856-1863
• https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=aoVeSncKFAY
I love peas!
Tall parent
• Before Mendel, it was
thought that a child
would always be a
BLEND of its parents.
This turned out to be
NOT TRUE.
Small parent
Some Genetics Vocabulary
• Gene: a piece of DNA that codes for a particular
protein (trait). One gene makes one protein.
• Genotype: genes for a specific trait (one from Mom,
one from Dad). What genes are actually there.
• Phenotype: how the genes are expressed in your
body (appearance)
Some Genetics Vocabulary
• Alleles: different versions of a gene
• Dominant: wins, is expressed. Use the capital
letter of the dominant version as the symbol.
(L for large eyes).
• Recessive: loses, is not expressed if the
dominant gene is also there. Use the
lowercase letter of the dominant version as
the symbol. (l for small eyes).
Some Genetics Vocabulary
combinations of alleles
•
•
•
•
LL- large eyes. Homozygous dominant
ll- small eyes. Homozygous recessive
Ll- large eyes. Heterozygous
Hybrid: A heterozygous offspring of two purebreeding (homozygous) parents
Intelligence
• Inherited or
environmental?
Creativity
• Inherited or
environmental?
Athletic ability
• Inherited or
environmental?
Homosexuality
• Inherited or
environmental?
Making Babies Project!
l
• Start by determining your phenotype L
• From your phenotype, determine
your genotype with a coin flip
• DO NOT choose sex yet!!!
Long Short
• Once you’ve selected all genotypes, lash lash
write these onto your 18
chromosomes and cut them out
• Put these in an envelope labeled
M/F
M/F
either “Sperm” or “Egg” (gametes)