Download Gregor Mendel

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Gregor Mendel
Father of Genetics
Biography
• Mendel graduated from the University of
Vienna where he studied from 1851 to
1853. He then became a Austrian monk.
• He taught high school math and science,
and he worked in the monastery garden
where he did all his research.
• He published his work, but received little
recognition from colleagues at the time.
• In fact, most of his research was burned
after his death.
Before Mendel
• People believed that offspring were a
“blend” of their parents.
Example: If you cross a red flower with a
white flower, you will get a pink flower.
Right? (well, it works when mixing paint,
but…)
It turns out, Mendel proved this was all
wrong by using thousands of pea plants.
Pea Plants
Pea Pods
Pea flowers
Vocab time…
• Pea plants inherit a pair, two alleles of
genetic instructions, or the genotype from
each parent. TT, Tt or tt or PP, Pp or pp
• Dominant (T) vs. recessive (t).
• Dominant doesn’t mean in charge of,
dominant means “expressed” when one or
both alleles that are dominant are present.
Example TT or Tt=Tall and tt=dwarf
or
PP or Pp=Purple and pp=white
Genotype vs. Phenotype
Genotype is the genetic code
such as TT, Tt, CC, pp, Aa
Phenotype is the “physical” appearance
for the trait such as tall, short, curly, etc.
More vocab…
• Homozygous means both alleles are the
same TT or AA or BB or tt or aa or bb
• Heterozygous means both alleles are
different Tt or Aa or Bb
Also termed as…
• Purebred TT or tt
• Hybrid
Tt
Punnett Squares
• Reginald Punnett used Mendel’s data, and
in the early 1900’s, he created a chart that
demonstrated the probability of possible
outcomes in any cross of one or more
traits.
Flower Anatomy 101
Mendel kept the crosses pure.
This called for high tech tools.
Purebred Cross
Hybrid Cross
Mendel’s Results
Try One! Tt x tt
Traits of Peas
Try another
Peas out…