Download Making Genetics Easy and Fun - California Science Teachers

Making Genetics
Easy and Fun!
Kristin Majda
CSU Channel Islands
[email protected]
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Kristin Majda
Education
• BS Biology & Minor in Professional Writing, U.C. Santa Barbara
• Single Subject Clear Credential with CLAD, Cal State Northridge
• MS Biotechnology & MBA, Cal State Channel Islands
Experience
• Technical Writer
• Ventura County High School Science Teacher
• Oxnard College Instructor: Biology, Microbiology
• CIRM Grant Analyst at Cal State Channel Islands
• VP of Gold Coast Science Network (GCSN),
Operating Council for the Discovery Center for Science and Technology,
Bio Science Alliance (BSA) Workforce Development Group,
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Agenda
This presentation intends to:
1. Demonstrate a fun lesson teachers can use to reinforce
concepts of meiosis and Mendelian Genetics
2. Introduce teachers to excellent resources for
understanding and teaching genetics and biotechnology
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Fun Activities
1. Lung Model (not genetics, but super cool!)
2. Mitosis and Meiosis Play Dough Activity
3. Mitosis and Meiosis Puzzle Activity
4. Protein Synthesis Modeling Activity
(using the Preproinsulin sequence)
 Can integrate peer-reviewed journal articles into the curriculum
using this lesson based on the 1980 paper that solved the
structure of insulin “Nucelotide Sequence of Human
Preproinsulin Complementary DNA” published in Science.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Fun Activities
1. Lung Model (not genetics, but super cool!)
2. Mitosis and Meiosis Play Dough Activity
3. Mitosis and Meiosis Puzzle Activity
4. Protein Synthesis Modeling Activity
(using the Preproinsulin sequence)
 Can integrate peer-reviewed journal articles into the curriculum
using this lesson based on the 1980 paper that solved the
structure of insulin “Nucelotide Sequence of Human
Preproinsulin Complementary DNA” published in Science.
Mitosis Class Activity
Use play dough to act out the steps
of mitosis
1. Prophase
• Chromatin condenses to
form chromosomes
• Mitotic spindle begins to form
2. Metaphase
• Mitotic spindle attaches to
chromatid pairs and pulls them
into alignment at center of cell
3. Anaphase
• Centromeres replicate
• Mitotic spindle pulls chromatids
apart to opposite sides of cell
4. Telophase
• The cell membrane invaginates and
pinches off between the two daughter cells
Interphase
DNA Synthesis
Meiosis Class Activity
Use play dough to act out the steps of meiosis
Prophase I
2. Chromatids
pair up
Anaphase I
5. Random
Assortment
3. Crossing over
Telophase I
6. Cytokinesis
Interphase
1. DNA Synthesis
Metaphase I
4. Chromatid
pairs line up
7. Prophase II
8. Metaphase II
9. Anaphase II
10. Telophase II
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Fun Activities
1.
Lung Model (not genetics, but super cool!)
2.
Mitosis and Meiosis Play Dough Activity
3.
Mitosis and Meiosis Puzzle Activity
4.
Protein Synthesis Modeling Activity
(using the Preproinsulin sequence)

Can integrate peer-reviewed journal articles into the curriculum
using this lesson based on the 1980 paper that solved the
structure of insulin “Nucelotide Sequence of Human
Preproinsulin Complementary DNA” published in Science.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits that adhere to a given set
of phenotype choices
2.
Fill in Table of Alleles and create chromosomes for your paper
bag pet that reflect its genotype for each trait
3.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
4.
Find a mate and procreate
5.
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of your
offspring
6.
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that match
its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits
that adhere to a given set of phenotype
choices
Reinforce and help students
differentiate between phenotype
and genotype
2.
Fill in Table of Alleles and create
chromosomes for your paper bag pet
that reflect its genotype for each trait
Reinforce that genetic traits are
determined by genes, which are
found on chromosomes
3.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
4.
Find a mate and procreate
Demonstrate the difference
between autosomes and sex
chromosomes
5.
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to
predict the traits of your offspring
6.
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with
phenotypes that match its genotypes
and fill out the birth certificate
Demonstrate that many
organisms, like humans, have
two sets of each gene unless it
occurs on the Y chromosome
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits that
adhere to this given set of phenotype choices:
Gender
male or female?
Tail
tail or no tail? (females cannot have tails)
Eye Shape
round or oval (almond) shaped?
Eye Color
brown, blue, green, yellow?
Eyelashes
has eyelashes or is lashless?
Nose Shape
circular or triangular?
Hair Color
black, brown, or yellow?
Ear Shape
round or pointed?
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Fill in Table of Alleles for your paper bag
pet that reflect its genotype for each trait
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create chromosomes for your paper bag
pet that reflect its genotype for each trait
For Females
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create chromosomes for your paper bag
pet that reflect its genotype for each trait
For Males
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits
that adhere to a given set of phenotype
choices
Reinforce and help students
differentiate between phenotype
and genotype
2.
Fill in Table of Alleles and create
chromosomes for your paper bag pet
that reflect its genotype for each trait
Reinforce that genetic traits are
determined by genes, which are
found on chromosomes
3.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
4.
Find a mate and procreate
Demonstrate the difference
between autosomes and sex
chromosomes
5.
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to
predict the traits of your offspring
6.
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with
phenotypes that match its genotypes
and fill out the birth certificate
Demonstrate that many
organisms, like humans, have
two sets of each gene unless it
occurs on the Y chromosome
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits
that adhere to a given set of phenotype
choices
2.
Fill in Table of Alleles and create
chromosomes for your paper bag pet
that reflect its genotype for each trait
3.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
4.
Find a mate and procreate
5.
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to
predict the traits of your offspring
6.
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with
phenotypes that match its genotypes
and fill out the birth certificate
Demonstrate the steps of meiosis
and how this process promotes
genetic variation through
mutations (that occur during DNA
replication), crossing over, and
random segregation/assortment
Demonstrate the law of
independent assortment
Demonstrate how meiosis results
in four genetically unique gametes
Demonstrate how sexual
reproduction promotes genetic
diversity through fertilization
(joining gametes from two
different individuals)
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Step 1: DNA replication
For Males
For Females
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Step 2:
Crossing Over
Step 3:
Random
Assortment
Step 4:
First cell division
Crossing
Over
Random
assortment
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Step 5:
Second cell
division
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Find a mate and procreate
This is their FAVORITE part
Students LOVE to have SEX
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits
that adhere to a given set of phenotype
choices
2.
Fill in Table of Alleles and create
chromosomes for your paper bag pet
that reflect its genotype for each trait
3.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
4.
Find a mate and procreate
5.
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to
predict the traits of your offspring
6.
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with
phenotypes that match its genotypes
and fill out the birth certificate
Demonstrate the steps of meiosis
and how this process promotes
genetic variation through
mutations (that occur during DNA
replication), crossing over, and
random segregation/assortment
Demonstrate the law of
independent assortment
Demonstrate how meiosis results
in four genetically unique gametes
Demonstrate how sexual
reproduction promotes genetic
diversity through fertilization
(joining gametes from two
different individuals)
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits
that adhere to a given set of phenotype
choices
Introduce or reinforce Mendelian
genetics and practice making and
using Punnett squares
2.
Fill in Table of Alleles and create
chromosomes for your paper bag pet
that reflect its genotype for each trait
3.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Demonstrate sex-linked
inheritance and differentiate
between inheritance patterns of
traits on the X chromosome
versus the y chromosome
4.
Find a mate and procreate
5.
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to
predict the traits of your offspring
6.
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with
phenotypes that match its genotypes
and fill out the birth certificate
Differentiate between linked genes
and genes that independently
assort
Reinforce dominant versus
recessive allele expression
You can also modify the project to
make one or more sets of alleles
demonstrate codominance or
incomplete dominance
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Fill out the Punnett Square Worksheet
There are two versions, one provides
more help for less advanced students.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Fill out the Punnett Square Worksheet
There are two versions, one provides
more help for less advanced students.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Fill out the Punnett Square Worksheet
There are two versions, one provides
more help for less advanced students.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits
that adhere to a given set of phenotype
choices
Introduce or reinforce Mendelian
genetics and practice making and
using Punnett squares
2.
Fill in Table of Alleles and create
chromosomes for your paper bag pet
that reflect its genotype for each trait
3.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Demonstrate sex-linked
inheritance and differentiate
between inheritance patterns of
traits on the X chromosome
versus the y chromosome
4.
Find a mate and procreate
5.
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to
predict the traits of your offspring
6.
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with
phenotypes that match its genotypes
and fill out the birth certificate
Differentiate between linked genes
and genes that independently
assort
Reinforce dominant versus
recessive allele expression
You can also modify the project to
make one or more sets of alleles
demonstrate codominance or
incomplete dominance
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
1.
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits
that adhere to a given set of phenotype
choices
2.
Fill in Table of Alleles and create
chromosomes for your paper bag pet
that reflect its genotype for each trait
3.
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
4.
Find a mate and procreate
5.
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to
predict the traits of your offspring
6.
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with
phenotypes that match its genotypes
and fill out the birth certificate
Final check for understanding:
can students go from
genotype  phenotype
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
•
Method 1
Use as a culminating project at the end of your genetics unit
to reinforce key concepts
or…
•
Method 2
Use as a thematic project that spans your genetics unit and
teach key concepts “as you go”
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Method 1: Culminating Project
Day 1
Decorate a “pet” paper bag with traits that adhere to a given
set of phenotype choices
Day 2
Create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its
genotype for each trait (use rest of period to introduce or
reinforce meiosis)
Day 3
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Day 3
Find a mate and procreate
Day 4
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict the traits of
your offspring (first introduce or reinforce Mendelian genetics)
Day 5
Give birth: decorate your baby bag with phenotypes that
match its genotypes and fill out the birth certificate
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Paper Bag Pets: A Genetics Project
Method 2: Thematic Unit Centered Around Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Teach genes, traits, and phenotypes
Decorate “pet” paper bag with phenotypic traits
Teach chromosomal structure and packing
Create chromosomes for your paper bag pet that reflect its genotype
Teach DNA replication, mitosis, and meiosis
Create gametes for your pet paper bag
Teach sexual versus asexual reproduction
Find a mate and procreate
Reinforce mitosis and consider optional enrichment topics related to
developmental biology, embryology, stem cell technology, etc
Teach Mendelian genetics
Fill out the Punnett square worksheet to predict traits of offspring
Give birth: decorate baby bag with phenotypes that match its genotypes
and fill out the birth certificate
Follow up with protein synthesis (gene  protein  trait)
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Agenda
This presentation intends to:
1. Demonstrate a fun lesson teachers can use to reinforce
concepts of meiosis and Mendelian Genetics
2. Introduce teachers to excellent resources for
understanding and teaching genetics and biotechnology
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
• Genetics and molecular biology involve abstract concepts
• Animations are critical – they engage students and enable them to
visualize microscopic and/or abstract principles
• The DNA Learning Center (DNALC) includes
– Animations
– Interactive websites
– Curriculum development tools
– Thematic lessons/units
– Reference material
www.dnalc.org/resources/animations
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
www.dnalc.org
Real-time animations of
transcription, translation,
DNA replication, and many
biotechnologies
- Many are downloadable
Stand-alone websites with
excellent resources for
teaching genetics and cellular
and molecular biology
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Genetics
•
Genetic Basics (NIH Publication No. 01-662)
Free Guide from National Institutes of Health. http://www.nigms.nih.gov/
•
The Genes We Share with Yeast, Flies, Worms, and Mice
Free guide from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Office of
Communications, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, Maryland, 208156789. http://www.hhmi.org
•
The Human Genome Project
•
–
http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/home.shtml
–
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/program.html
–
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/genome/sequ_flash.html
Award Winning Genetics Resources from the University of Utah
–
–
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu
http://teach.genetics.utah.edu
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
Biotechnology…
•
enables us to show real-world applications of genetics and provides
opportunities for meaningful labs
•
is part of the CA science standards for high school biology, but has
applications to many standards across the sciences for all grade levels
•
combines disciplines like genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry,
embryology and cell biology; with applications in medicine, agriculture,
environmental science, materials science, bio-fuels, etc.
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology

Jobs in the biotechnology sector are increasing and there is a
critical need for a vast range of skilled workers, from lab assistants to
PhD researchers

Biology and chemistry teachers can use applications of
biotechnology to strongly engage student interest and stimulate
student-directed investigation and experimentation in their
classrooms
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
Biotechnologies include methods to:
• Cut (restriction enzymes), paste (ligation), and move DNA segments from one
chromosome to another (recombinant DNA) and/or one cell to another
(transformation) (Genetic Engineering)
• Make many copies of DNA segments (amplification)
• Identify individuals and/or diseases based on their unique DNA profiles (DNA
sequencing, DNA fingerprinting, immunoassays, bioinformatics)
• Determine evolutionary relationships (phylogenetics) within and between species
• Turn genes up (upregulation) and down (down regulation), or on (gene activation)
and off (gene silencing)
• Grow cells (cell culture), manipulate stem cells to develop into specific tissue types
(differentiation), or manipulate differentiated cells to regress back to stem cells
• Create genetically identical copies of organisms (cloning)
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
•
Bruce Wallace Biotechnology Lab Program
Amgen Foundation provides all materials and equipment (including
reagents) for eight comprehensive biotechnology labs.
http://www.bwbiotechprogram.com
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
•
Fold it Protein folding game http://fold.it/portal/info/science
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
•
3D Molecular Designs Cool models of 3D molecular structures that
provide nice hands-on experience. www.3dmoleculardesigns.com
Lends out molecular models for 2 weeks
http://cbm.msoe.edu/teachRes/library/index.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
•
DNA Sequencing Tutorial/Animation
http://www.biostudio.com/case_freeman_dna_sequencing.html
•
Exploratorium Teacher Institute
•
McGraw Hill’s Biotechnology Animations
Four week program in summer that teaches how to make all kinds of “do it
yourself” activities (email [email protected] or call 415-561-0313)
– http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/chapter16/animations.html
•
Stem Cells
– http://www.sumanasinc.com/scienceinfocus/sif_stemcells.html
– http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/stemcells.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
•
ELISA Tutorials/Animations
– http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/ELISA.html
– http://www.biology.arizona.edu/immunology/activities/elisa/technique.html
– http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072556781/student_view0/chapter33/animation_quiz_1.html
•
Pregnancy Test Animation
Use this website and a pregnancy test from the Dollar Store to show your kids
how antibodies are used to identify proteins in body fluids like blood and urine
http://www.whfreeman.com/kuby/content/anm/kb07an01.htm
•
Microarray Tutorial/Animations
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/genomics/chip/chip.html
•
PCR Tutorial/Animation
– http://www.maxanim.com/genetics/PCR/PCR.htm
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmqqRPISg0g
– http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/pcr.html
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
•
Recombinant DNA Tutorial/Animation
– http://www.bioteach.ubc.ca/TeachingResources/Applications/GMOpkgJKlose
GLampard2.swf
– http://www.bioteach.ubc.ca/TeachingResources/Applications/GMOpkgJKlose
GLampard2.swf
– http://webapps.css.udel.edu/biotech/rDNA.html
•
Gel Electrophoresis Tutorial/Animation
– http://www.dnalc.org/ddnalc/resources/electrophoresis.html
– http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/gelelectrophoresis.html
– http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/gel/
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
•
PyMOL to visualize small molecules and macromolecules in 3D.
http://www.pymol.org/
•
Protein Data Bank is a database that includes structural and functional
information about proteins, including the FASTA files needed to display
them in PyMOL. http://www.rcsb.org/pdb
•
Jmol is a simple tool for molecular visualization that has an online gallery
for easy access, with limited control over the appearance of molecules.
http://molvis.sdsc.edu/fgij/index.htm
•
Biomolecular Explorer 3D provides information about and 3D images of
relevent biological macromolecules right on the website.
http://www.umass.edu/molvis/bme3d/index.html
•
PredictProtein provides analyses protein you input and predicts structure.
http://www.predictprotein.org/
•
Proteomics Tools http://www.expasy.ch/tools/
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Resources for Teaching Biotechnology
•
PubMed includes links to full text journal articles and other related resources.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/
•
SWISS-PROT protein database. http://www.expasy.org/sprot/
•
SDSC Biology Workbench allows scientists to search many protein and
nucleic acid sequence databases. http://workbench.sdsc.edu
•
JCVI-CMR (Comprehensive Microbial Resource) maintains databases that
include prokaryotic, plant, fungal, and parasitic genomes.
http://cmr.jcvi.org/tigr-scripts/CMR/CmrHomePage.cgi
•
ORF Finder scans a FASTA sequence for a segment of DNA to determine
potential open reading frames (sections that code for a gene)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gorf/gorf.html
•
Lipid bank http://lipidbank.jp/
•
Glycan Structure Database www.glycosuite.com
Making Genetics Easy and Fun!
Thank You!
Questions?
Kristin Majda
[email protected]
[email protected]