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Self Assessment Question 1
• Which chemical group is at the 5' end of a single
polynucleotide strand?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Hydroxyl group
Diester group
Purine base
Phosphate group
Nitrogen group
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Self Assessment Question 1 Answer
• Which chemical group is at the 5' end of a single
polynucleotide strand?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Hydroxyl group
Diester group
Purine base
Phosphate group CORRECT ANSWER
Nitrogen group
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Structure of Nucleic Acid
•DNA and RNA consist of only
four nucleotides
•Adenine (A) and guanine (G) are
purines
•Cytosine (C), thymine (T) and
uracil (U) are pyrimidines
•A nucleotides consist of an organic
base linked to a five-carbon sugar
with a phosphate group attached to
carbon 5.
•In RNA, the sugar is ribose; in
DNA, deoxyribose.
•Polynucleotide sequences are read
in 5’ -> 3’ direction
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Self Assessment Question 2
• Which chemical group is at the 3' end of a single
polynucleotide strand?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Phosphate group
Hydroxyl group
Purine base
Nitrogen group
Methyl group
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Self Assessment Question 2 Answer
• Which chemical group is at the 3' end of a single
polynucleotide strand?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Phosphate group
Hydroxyl group CORRECT ANSWER
Purine base
Nitrogen group
Methyl group
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Structure of Nucleic Acid
•DNA and RNA consist of only
four nucleotides
•Adenine (A) and guanine (G) are
purines
•Cytosine (C), thymine (T) and
uracil (U) are pyrimidines
•A nucleotides consist of an organic
base linked to a five-carbon sugar
with a phosphate group attached to
carbon 5.
•In RNA, the sugar is ribose; in
DNA, deoxyribose.
•Polynucleotide sequences are read
in 5’ -> 3’ direction
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Self Assessment Question 3
• The purine bases are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Thymine and cytosine
Thymine and guanine
Cytosine and Adenine
Cytosine and guanine
Adenine and guanine
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Self Assessment Question 3 Answer
• The purine bases are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Thymine and cytosine
Thymine and guanine
Cytosine and Adenine
Cytosine and guanine
Adenine and guanine CORRECT ANSWER
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Self Assessment Question 4
• The pyrimidine bases are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Thymine and cytosine
Thymine and guanine
Adenine and guanine
Cytosine and adenine
Cytosine and guanine
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Self Assessment Question 4 Answer
• The pyrimidine bases are:
A. Thymine and cytosine CORRECT
ANSWER
B. Thymine and guanine
C. Adenine and guanine
D. Cytosine and adenine
E. Cytosine and guanine
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student.ccbcmd.edu
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Self Assessment Question 5
• Each new DNA strand is initiated by a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Short RNA primer
Single-stranded DNA-binding protein
Precursor fragment
Restriction fragment
Specific DNA primer
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Self Assessment Question 5 Answer
• Each new DNA strand is initiated by a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Short RNA primer CORRECT ANSWER
Single-stranded DNA-binding protein
Precursor fragment
Restriction fragment
Specific DNA primer
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Self Assessment Question 6
• The phenomenon where the two complementary
strands of duplex DNA have their 5’-to-3’
directions running in opposite directions is called:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Antiparallel
Nucleic acid hybridization
Renaturation
Rolling-circle replication
Restriction fragment polymorphism
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Self Assessment Question 6 Answer
• The phenomenon where the two complementary
strands of duplex DNA have their 5’-to-3’
directions running in opposite directions is called:
A. Antiparallel CORRECT ANSWER
B.
C.
D.
E.
Nucleic acid hybridization
Renaturation
Rolling-circle replication
Restriction fragment polymorphism
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DNA
forms a
Double
Helix
•The bases are projected inward whereas the sugar phosphate
backbone is on the outside
•The two strands are antiparallel
•A is paired with T through two hydrogen bonds
•G is paired with C through three hydrogen bonds
Self Assessment Question 7
• The Meselson-Stahl experiment showed that a
single round of DNA replication produces:
A. One DNA molecule made of two parental strands
and a second DNA molecule made of two daughter
strands.
B. Two duplex DNA molecules where all of the strands
are partly parental and part new DNA.
C. Two duplex DNA molecules each with one parental
strand and one daughter strand.
D. Many duplex DNA molecules, all with two new
daughter strands.
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Self Assessment Question 7 Answer
• The Meselson-Stahl experiment showed that a
single round of DNA replication produces:
A. One DNA molecule made of two parental strands and a
second DNA molecule made of two daughter strands.
B. Two duplex DNA molecules where all of the strands are
partly parental and part new DNA.
C. Two duplex DNA molecules each with one
parental strand and one daughter strand.
CORRECT ANSWER
D. Many duplex DNA molecules, all with two new daughter
strands.
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DNA Replication: Meselson-Stahl Experiment Results
**
Important points:
•The conservative mechanism never
generates H-L DNA.
•The semiconservative mechanism never
generates H-H DNA, but does generate H-L
DNA during the second and subsequent
doublings.
•DNA replicates by which mechanism?
Self Assessment Question 8
• DNA fragments migrate in an electric field
because DNA molecules:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Are positively charged
Are neutral in charge
Are negatively charged
Are double stranded
Contain numerous covalent bonds
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Self Assessment Question 8 Answer
• DNA fragments migrate in an electric field
because DNA molecules:
A. Are positively charged
B. Are neutral in charge
C. Are negatively charged CORRECT
ANSWER
D. Are double stranded
E. Contain numerous covalent bonds
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Self Assessment Question 9
• Endonucleases:
A. Break internal phosphodiester bonds in a
single- or double-stranded nucleic acid
molecule.
B. Remove amino acids from the carboxyl end of
a polypeptide chain.
C. Connect two DNA fragments.
D. Remove terminal nucleotides from the 3'-end of
a polynucleotide chain.
E. Connect two oligopeptides.
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Self Assessment Question 9 Answer
• Endonucleases:
A. Break internal phosphodiester bonds in a
single- or double-stranded nucleic acid
molecule. CORRECT ANSWER
B.
C.
D.
E.
Remove amino acids from the carboxyl end of a polypeptide
chain.
Connect two DNA fragments.
Remove terminal nucleotides from the 3'-end of a polynucleotide
chain.
Connect two oligopeptides
*Note: restriction enzymes are endonucleases
produced by bacteria
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Self Assessment Question 10
• A palindrome is a sequence that:
A. reads differently when read from either
direction
B. can be found in multiple origins of replication
C. is the same when read from either direction
D. is used as a primer in DNA replication
E. contains only purines
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Self Assessment Question 10 Answer
• A palindrome is a sequence that:
A. reads differently when read from either direction
B. can be found in multiple origins of replication
C. is the same when read from either direction
CORRECT ANSWER
D. is used as a primer in DNA replication
E. contains only purines
websters-dictionary-online.com
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Self Assessment Question 11
• Which of the following sequences are
palindromes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5'-CCAG-3'
5'-CCCC-3'
5'-CCAGG-3'
5'-ACCGGA-3'
5'-CCATGG-3'
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Self Assessment Question 11 Answer
• Which of the following sequences are
palindromes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5'-CCAG-3'
5'-CCCC-3'
5'-CCAGG-3'
5'-ACCGGA-3'
5'-CCATGG-3' CORRECT ANSWER
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Self Assessment Question 12
• Which of the following is a characteristic of
restriction enzymes?
A. Most restriction enzymes recognize a single
site.
B. The restriction site is recognized regardless of
the source of the DNA.
C. The number of times a piece of DNA is cut is
determined by the number of times the
restriction site is present in the DNA.
D. Most restriction sites are palindromes.
E. A, B, C, and D
F. A and C
G. B and D
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Self Assessment Question 12 Answer
• Which of the following is a characteristic of
restriction enzymes?
A. *Most restriction enzymes recognize a single
site.
B. * The restriction site is recognized regardless of
the source of the DNA.
C. * The number of times a piece of DNA is cut is
determined by the number of times the
restriction site is present in the DNA.
D. * Most restriction sites are palindromes.
E. A, B, C, and D CORRECT ANSWER
F. A and C
G. B and D
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Questions?
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