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Nutrition and Athletic Performance Today’s Topics • Basic nutrition needs of athletes • Six classes of nutrients • Role of carbohydrates as an energy source • Pre-event meals Basic nutritional needs • Well-balanced diet • Physically active people – 60% from carbohydrates – 10 - 15% or less from proteins – 25 - 30% fats – Strenuous workouts or competition requirements Classes of Nutrients • • • • • • • Fats Proteins Carbohydrates Vitamins Minerals Water Roles of nutrients – Growth, repair, maintenance Food Guide Pyramid Energy Sources • Carbohydrates – Minimum 60% of total calories – Forms • Sugars (simple or complex, monosaccharides & disaccharides) • Starches (complex carbohydrates) • Fiber (soluble & insoluble) CHO’s • Fiber – Not digested by humans – Aids normal elimination – ? Risk of colon cancer Energy Sources • Fats – Concentrated source of energy – Ideally <30% • Saturated versus unsaturated – Animal and Plant sources • Cholesterol (<300 mg/day) • Fat substitutes Energy Sources • Proteins • **growth, maintenance & repair • 10 - 15% of intake • Amino acids • Need & consumption levels Basic Nutritional Needs • Are the nutritional needs for athletes different? • Pre-event meal vs regular nutritional habits? Basic nutritional needs: Athletes • Dependent on intensity and duration of activity – CHO’s more/less – Fat – long duration, low intensity Pre-event Meals • • • • • • CHO loading Functions of pre-game meal Timing Nervous stomach athletes Back-to-back competitions Psychology of food! Diet issues? • • • • Weight loss/weight gain Fluid levels Supplements Fad diets Injury/Illness Concerns • Fractures • Deficiency diseases • The diabetic participant Next time…. Injury Assessment
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