Download Document

2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
KEY CONCEPT
Carbon-based molecules are the foundation of life.
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
• Many carbon-based molecules are made of many small
subunits bonded together.
– Monomers are the individual subunits.
– Polymers are made of many monomers.
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
Four main types of carbon-based molecules are found in
living things.
• #1 = Carbohydrates are made of C, H, O…used for
energy in cells….can be mono, di-, or polysaccharides.
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
• #2 = Lipids are nonpolar molecules that include fats, oils,
and cholesterol----made of C, H, O that make up cell
membranes and are used for energy
– Many contain carbon chains called fatty acids.
– Fats and oils contain fatty acids bonded to glycerol.
Triglyceride
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
• #3 = Proteins are made of amino acids, are made of C, H, O, N….are
enzymes that run all chemical rxns, are muscle, hair, nails
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
• #4 = Nucleic acids are made of C, H, O, N, P
– Types: DNA, RNA
– DNA stores genetic
information.
DNA
– RNA builds proteins. RNA