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Classes of Organic Compounds • • • • Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids Characteristics of Organic Compounds • contain the element carbon • high energy bonds • essential for living things • complex molecules • low boiling & melting points • strong odor • non-conductors of electricity Elements: Function: Carbon, Hydrogen & Oxygen Monosaccharides (simplest sugar) Source of Energy Examples: Sugars & Starches Building blocks: Monosaccharide glucose: C6H12O6 Polysaccharide Disaccharide sucrose: C12H24O12 starch: chain of monosaccharides Elements: Building blocks: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen & Nitrogen (some have P & S) Amino Acids Function: Living matter Examples: Enzymes One Amino acid Two Amino acids (dipeptide) Protein: Long polypeptide chain of amino acids Elements: Building blocks: Function: Examples: Carbon, Hydrogen & Oxygen fatty acids, glycerol, & carboxyl Source of Energy (long term) fats, oils, cholesterol