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http://www.animationlibrary.com/search/?keywords=recycle BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES http://mff.dsisd.net/Environment/Cycles.htm ENERGY & MATTER Energy is not the only thing that moves through the ecosystem. Atoms are never destroyed . . . only transformed. Take a deep breath. The atoms you just inhaled may have been inhaled by a dinosaur millions of years ago. http://educ.queensu.ca/~fmc/august2004/pages/dinobreath.html 4 ATOMS make up 95% of the body in most organisms CARBON OXYGEN HYDROGEN NITROGEN The same molecules are passed around again and again within the biosphere in BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES ___________________________ WATER CYCLE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE = ___________________ http://www.urbanrivers.org/water_cycle.html WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT? Makes up 60-70% of your body Oxygen and Hydrogen are found in all the building blocks of cells ________________________: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids Hydrogen in H2O supplies protons (H+) & electrons for_______________ photosynthesis http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.htm WHY IS WATER IMPORTANT? SOLVENT Water is a good _________________ Many molecules dissolve in water so it provides a place for chemical reactions to happen Water doesn’t change temperature easily http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/molecule.htm WATER CYCLE evaporation condensation http://www.radio-canada.ca/jeunesse/fd6/000_images/cat/c_buee_c.gif http://www.css.cornell.edu/faculty/hmv1/watrshed/Etrans.htm The evaporation of water from the surface of plant leaves TRANSPIRATION = ________________ The return of water to the surface in the form of rain, snow, sleet, hail, etc. = ____________________ PRECIPITATION Image edited from: http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/water.html WATER CYCLE PH ONLINE LINK Put in code: cbp-2033 Choose Start CARBON CYCLE CO2 in atmosphere CO2 in ocean BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 4 main CARBON reservoirs in BIOSPHERE 1.In ____________ atmosphere as CO2 gas ocean 2.In _______ as dissolved CO2 gas 3.On _______ in organisms, rocks, soil land Underground as coal & petroleum (fossil 4.__________ fuels) and calcium carbonate in rocks CO2 in atmosphere CO2 in Ocean BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 Where does CO2 in atmosphere come from? CO2 in atmosphere CO2 in Ocean Volcanic activity 1.________________ Human activity (burning fossil fuels) 2.______________ 3._________________ Cellular respiration Decomposition of dead organisms 4.____________ BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT? BUILDING BLOCKS of cells: Found in all the _______________ carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids Image by Riedell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm WHY IS CARBON IMPORTANT? Carbon in CO2 provides the atoms for GLUCOSE production during __________ PHOTOSYNTHESIS __________________... the fuel that all living things depend on. http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG http://www.biologyclass.net/mitochondria.jpg NITROGEN CYCLE Section 3-3 N2 in Atmosphere NO3and NO2- NH3 BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 WHY IS NITROGEN IMPORTANT? NITROGEN BASES make DNA and RNA Used in ATP= Energy for the cell Makes AMINO part of amino acids (proteins) Image by Riedell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm Image by Riedell 79% of the atmosphere is made up of NITROGEN gas (N2) CAN’T use the nitrogen gas BUT we _____ we breathe! The bond in N2 gas is so strong it can only be broken by lightning _______________ Volcanic activity _______________ few special bacteria ____________________ Image by Riedell http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/12-dna.htm Image by Riedell in the soil Bacteria that live ______________ symbiotic and in _________ relationships with legumes plants called _________, take nitrogen from the atmosphere and AMMONIA (NH3) a form turn it into ______________, that is usable by plants. THIS PROCESS IS CALLED _________________ NITROGEN FIXATION http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/images/101nodules21.gif Other bacteria in the soil convert NITRATES (NO3- ) ammonia into ________________ & NITRITES (NO2-) & _________________ which plants can also use. The nitrogen we need for proteins, ATP, and nucleic acids comes from the FOOD ___________ WE EAT not the AIR we breath! ___________ Image from: http://www.utdallas.edu/images/departments/biology/misc/gonzalez-image.jpg and http://www.cibike.org/CartoonEating.gif modified by Riedell NITROGEN CYCLE Section 3-3 N2 in Atmosphere NO3and NO2- NH3 BIOLOGY; Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall; 2006 in the soil Bacteria that live ______________ also carry out the reverse process NITRATES NITROGEN GAS & NITRITES ___________ → _____________ . THIS PROCESS IS CALLED DENITRIFICATION _________________