Download GOB - Bonham Chemistry

GOB
Topic Review
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Carbon: why is it so special?
Alkanes: formula, naming, properties
Variations: cycloalkanes, halogenation
Isomers: Constitutional & Geometric
Alkenes & Alkynes: naming, properties,
addition across double bonds
• Polymerization and common polymers
• Aromatics: resonance, naming, reactions, role
in biology
• Alcohols, Ethers, and Thiols: naming,
properties, polarity!
• Common reactions: hydration, dehydration,
dehydrogenation, thiol oxidation
• Aldehydes and Ketones: naming, properties,
polarity!, oxidation and reduction,
nucleophilic attack,
• Sugars and hemiacetals / cyclization
• Keto-enol tautomerization
• Carboxylic Acids: naming, properties, acidity
• Fatty acids: structure and properties, soaps
• Decarboxylation
• Carboxyl derivatives: Esters, anhydrides, and
amides
• Fisher esterification
• Amides and peptide bonds
• Polymers: polyamides, polyesters,
polycarbonates
• Amines: naming, properties, basicity,
heterocyclic amines in biology
• Enantiomers: identification, properties, optical
activity, multiple chiral centers
• Chiral reactions and biochemical chirality
• Carbohydrates: formula, naming, Fisher
projections, pyranose vs furanose
• Sugars to know: Glucose, Fructose,
Glyceraldehyde, Dihydroxyacetone
• Sugar cyclization
• Glycosidic bonds and polysaccharides: starch,
glycogen, cellulose
• Blood groups
• Lipids: Triacylglycerols, Waxes, Membrane
Lipids, Cholesterol
• Membrane formation and Saponification
• Proteins: functions, structure, amino acid
structure and chirality
• Types of amino acids and amino acid
ionization: gel mobility and pI
• Peptide bond formation
• Levels of structure in proteins: primary,
secndary (alpha helices and beta sheets),
tertiary, and quaternary
• Protein mutation diseases: sickle-cell,
alzheimer’s, prions
• Protein folding and denaturation
• Enzymes: lock and key vs induced fit, enzyme
activity, apo-enzymes, enzyme kinetics
• Inhibitors of enzymatic activity
• Commercial use of enzymes
• Nucleotides: structure and properties
• DNA: structure and properties, discovery,
compaction in the cell
• Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
• DNA Technologies
• Catabolism: process of metabolism
• Glycolysis: overview and products
• Anaerobic and Aerobic (TCA cycle)
• ATP Generation
• Fatty Acid oxidation
• Protein catabolism and Starvation