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Clinical Psychology II - Therapies The Big Picture • Anxiety Disorders • Cognitive Behaviour Therapies and Phobias • Mood Disorders • Medication and Therapy • Schizophrenia • Medication Therapy • Evaluating Therapies • Is therapy effective? • If so, what makes it effective? 1 Anxiety Disorders • Phobias - usually treated with cognitive therapy • More serious anxiety disorders (agoraphobia, social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder) usually treated with a combination of drug therapy and cognitive therapy. 2 Systematic Desensitization 3 Mood Disorders • Major Depressive Disorders - usually treated with both medication and cognitive therapy. 4 Depression and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy 5 Mood Disorders • Major Depression in severe cases that do not respond to medication and cognitive therapy is sometimes treated with Electro-Convulsive Therapy (ECT). 6 Mood Disorders • Major Depression is severe cases that do not respond to medication and cognitive therapy is sometimes treated with Electro-Convulsive Therapy (ECT). • Bipolar Disorder - usually treated primarily with medication. 7 Schizophrenia • Schizophrenia - usually treated primarily with medication. 8 Schizophrenia • Schizophrenia - usually treated primarily with medication. • Both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia often include group therapy. This often allows people to deal with the stigma of mental illness. • On Being Sane in Insane Places - A study of how being perceived as insane colours other people’s perception of you. 9 Evaluating Psychotherapies • Problems in interpreting effectiveness of therapy • Should we take the patients word? • How about the therapists? • What about spontaneous remission and regression to the mean? • Is Psychotherapy effective? • Are some therapies better than others? • Does training and experience matter? 10 Effectiveness of Therapy 11 Focus on University of Waterloo Research (Dr. Johnathan Oakman) on Therapy Effectiveness • Social Phobias • All clients received medication • Three conditions • Guided self-help • Cognitive behaviour therapy • Cognitive behaviour therapy with Technology • At this point it looks like all three are effective, but equally so 12