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International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
Figure 13.1 Jacob Viner (1892–1970)
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International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
Figure 13.2
Customs union and
welfare I: trade-creation
2
price
demand
supply
pC+t
pB+t
tariff
tariff
pC
pB
imports before customs union
imports after customs union
q0
q1
q3
decrease producer surplus
net gain
increase consumer surplus
decrease government revenue
q4
quantity
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
Figure 13.3
Customs union and
welfare II: tradediversion
price
demand
supply
pB+t
pC+t
tariff
tariff
pB
pC
imports before customs union
imports after customs union
q0
q1
q3
decrease producer surplus
-/-
net gain; possible loss
increase consumer surplus
decrease government revenue
q4
quantity
3
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
Figure 13.4 COMESA countries.
COMESA members not listed on the map: Comoros, Mauritius, Rwanda, and Seychells
Egypt
Sudan
Ethiopia
Uganda Kenya
Zaire
Angola
Zambia
Namibia
Zimbabw e
Madagascar
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International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
Figure 13.5 ASEAN countries.
ASEAN members not listed on the map: Brunei Darussalam and Singapore
Myanmar
Viet Nam
Lao PDR
Thailand
Philippines
Cambodia
Malaysia
Malaysia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia
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International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
Figure 13.6
Regional trade
agreements in America
Canada
United States
Mexico
Venezuela
Colombia
Peru
Brazil
RTAs in America
NAFTA
(3)
CARICOM
(13)
CACM
(5)
ANDEAN
(5)
MERCOSUR (4)
Boliv ia
Argentina
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a
International Economics: Theory,
Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
1
Normalized total welfare
Figure 13.7
Regional trade
agreements and total
welfare.
Dashed lines indicate
where the minimum
level is reached.
t = 0.3
0.95
t = 0.5
0.9
t = 0.7
0.85
ad (a) ε=4,
0
5
ad (b) t=0.5
10
15
20
Number of trading blocs
b
Normalized total welfare
1
epsilon = 3
0.95
epsilon = 4
epsilon = 6
0.9
0.85
0
5
10
Number of trade blocs
15
20
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International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
Figure 13.8 The European Union, 2006
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International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 13;  Charles van Marrewijk, 2006
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Figure 13.9 EU diversity in size, population, and GDP per capita
EU diversity (bubble size proportional to population)
600
France
land area (1000 sq km)
500
Spain
Sweden
400
Germany
300
Poland
Italy
UK
Portugal
200
Hungary
Greece
100
Latvia
0
5,000
-100
Czech R
Slovakia
15,000
Austria
Netherl
25,000
GDP per capita (2005, PPS)
Belgium
Ireland
35,000