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Treatment of statistical discrepancies:
the Dutch practice
Hans Wouters
Statistics Netherlands
Contents
1. Background information and history
2. Methods to reduce discrepancies
3. Show or eliminate discrepancies?
– pros of eliminating
– pros of showing
4. Conclusions and results
1. Background and history
Statistical discrepancies only visible in full system
of transaction accounts: non-financial plus
financial
Dutch history of sector accounts
– Publication experimental annual financial
accounts since 1986
– Publication fully integrated annual financial
accounts since 1996
– Compilation of quarterly sector accounts since
2005
– Publication of quarterly sector accounts since
2008
2. Methods to reduce
discrepancies
1. Simultaneous compilation of non-financial
and financial accounts
2. Analyze discrepancies in early stage of
compilation process
3. Use uncertainty margins of transactions
4. Tool to calculate correlation and
covariance statistical discrepancy
3. Show or eliminate
discrepancies?
Arguments to eliminate statistical discrepancies
–
–
–
–
In theory discrepancies can not occur
Prevents confusion with users
Vertical balancing improves quality
Prevents ‘loss of face’
3. Show or eliminate
discrepancies?
Arguments to show statistical discrepancies
–
–
–
–
Better reflects status of sources
Encourages to improve source information
Transactions are not polluted
Promotes transparency
4. Conclusions and results
Conclusions
– Policy on treatment statistical discrepancies
since 1986
– Serious efforts are made to reduce statistical
discrepancies
– Remaining discrepancies are explicitly shown
4. Conclusions and results
Results
Quarterly sector accounts
S11
2005-1 Abs.
-4924
% GDP
-3,9
2005-2 Abs.
1229
% GDP
0,9
2005-3 Abs.
3316
% GDP
2,7
2005-4 Abs.
-302
% GDP
-0,2
2006-1 Abs.
-828
% GDP
-0,6
2006-2 Abs.
4394
% GDP
3,2
2006-3 Abs.
-2276
% GDP
-1,8
2006-4 Abs.
-4351
% GDP
-3,1
2007-1 Abs.
-4210
% GDP
-3,0
2007-2 Abs.
-2973
% GDP
-2,1
2007-3 Abs.
-4316
% GDP
-3,2
2007-4 Abs.
7626
% GDP
5,1
2008-1 Abs.
-4194
% GDP
-2,9
S125
67
0,1
120
0,1
-212
-0,2
25
0,0
-471
-0,4
-240
-0,2
402
0,3
309
0,2
-535
-0,4
-118
-0,1
-231
-0,2
884
0,6
1789
1,2
S121+122
6
0,0
-1
0,0
1
0,0
-6
0,0
16
0,0
3
0,0
-2
0,0
-17
0,0
-13
0,0
-10
0,0
3
0,0
20
0,0
-0
0,0
S123+124
-55
0,0
-103
-0,1
-241
-0,2
399
0,3
39
0,0
-21
0,0
160
0,1
-178
-0,1
102
0,1
401
0,3
-215
-0,2
-288
-0,2
-399
-0,3
S1311 S1313 S1314
72
54
208
0,1
0,0
0,2
19
177
15
0,0
0,1
0,0
-58
-183
-202
0,0
-0,1
-0,2
-33
-48
-21
0,0
0,0
0,0
493
54
-103
0,4
0,0
-0,1
-84
61
132
-0,1
0,0
0,1
-143
-109
-155
-0,1
-0,1
-0,1
-266
-6
126
-0,2
0,0
0,1
-158
245
66
-0,1
0,2
0,0
-235
-237
121
-0,2
-0,2
0,1
853
-282
-154
0,6
-0,2
-0,1
-460
274
-33
-0,3
0,2
0,0
0
-0
0
0,0
0,0
0,0
S14+15
7183
5,8
-5136
-3,9
-81
-0,1
-810
-0,6
6249
4,7
2033
1,5
-5817
-4,5
1319
0,9
6840
4,9
-3190
-2,2
-2052
-1,5
1514
1,0
-2510
-1,7
S2
-2611
-2,1
3680
2,8
-2340
-1,9
796
0,6
-5449
-4,1
-6278
-4,6
7940
6,1
3064
2,2
-2337
-1,7
6241
4,4
6394
4,7
-9537
-6,4
5314
3,6
Treatment of statistical discrepancies:
the Dutch practice
Hans Wouters
Statistics Netherlands
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