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Introduction of four papers:
US, Mexico & Hong Kong
and a contributed paper from Czech Republic
UNECE – Group of Experts on National Accounts,
9 May 2014, Item 7: Global Production
Mark de Haan
Three papers on global production
1. Data collection on factoryless goods producers and
global production
United States Bureau of Economic Analysis
2. 2008 Global manufacturing production:
main results for Mexico
National Institute of Statistics, Geography and
Informatics of Mexico
3. Compiling trade in goods and services statistics of Hong
Kong using the change of ownership principle
Census and Statistics Department of Hong Kong
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Contributed paper from Czech Republic:
Quantification of property income of non-residents
Focus on 2008 SNA and BPM6 harmonization:
– Recording of dividends arising from the hidden economy
obtained by residents and non-residents;
– Reinvested earnings on direct foreign investment.
Paper addresses challenges in ensuring conceptual
compliance between national accounts and balance of
payments: exhaustiveness versus targeting.
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1. US BEA paper
Main features
– Key focus on feasibility of data collection of factoryless
goods producers (FGPs);
– Two surveys are extended with FGP related questions:
 2009 Benchmark Survey of U.S. Direct Investment
Abroad (BE-10)
 2011 Benchmark Survey of Transactions in Selected
Services and Intellectual Property Products with Foreign
Persons (BE-120)
– Added questions concentrate on measuring Contract
Manufacturing Services (CMS)
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1. US BEA paper
(preliminary) Findings/conclusions:
– Number of CMS purchasing enterprises is significant (23%),
particularly in Manufacturing (39%) and Wholesale trade
(30%).
– State of data collection with respect to FGP activities will
be further assessed (implementation foreseen in 2017)
Questions:
– Does the supplier under a FGP arrangement produce a CMS
(relevance of ownership of inputs criterion)?
– Will the CMS purchasing wholesalers be reclassified as
manufacturers?
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2. Mexico INEGI paper
Main features
– Starting point: 2008 revision of Mexican national accounts
(implementation of 2008 SNA).
– Main goal: developing indicators measuring the size of
global production (relative to total exports)
– Perspective is that of the contract manufacturers (with the
principals situated abroad).
– Focus on criteria for identifying companies engaged in
global production.
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2. Mexico INEGI paper
(preliminary) Findings/conclusions:
– Value added content of global production equals 37% of
total manufacturing output.
– Automotive industry is the most significant contributor to
global production
Questions:
– Would a value added share relative to total value added (or
GDP) not be a better measure?
– The VACGME = ICP + GVA is a partial approach. Could this
analysis also be integrated into a TiVA / WIOD type of
framework?
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3. Hong Kong C&SD paper
Main features
– Hong Kong is an exceptional case of a globalized economy:
 Merchandize trade value to GDP is 360% in 2013;
 Exports of goods without passing Hong Kong are higher
than exports shipped from Hong Kong.
– Processing arrangements, particularly with mainland China,
have been in existence since the 1990s.
– Availability of refined statistics (e.g. OP, QSMTA surveys)
separating various global production arrangements e.g.
processing, merchanting, GFP:
 Processing and assembling (P&A);
 Processing with imported materials (PIM) ≈ FGP? 8
3. Hong Kong C&SD paper
(preliminary) Findings/conclusions:
– Changing from 1993 to 2008 SNA:
 Upward adjustment of exports of goods (from 492 to
509 US$);
 2008 SNA definitions lead to steeper export growth
path;
 Trade balance, goods versus services, shows a very
different picture.
Questions:
– Does PIM refer to FGP arrangements as addressed in the
Global Production Guide?
– Could this paper be used for a country case study in the 9
Global Production Guide?
Thank you!
[email protected]
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