Download Regional Development Policy in Hungary

Regional Development Policy
in Hungary
Dr Zsuzsanna Bacsi
assoc. prof, Univ of Pannonia,
Georgikon Faculty Keszthely, Hungary
[email protected]
Nitra, 19 to 21 November 2009
1
Hungary: general features
Area: 93 000 km2
Population: 10 million (slowly decreasing)
GDP/head (PPS):
2003:
2006:
2008:
12900 EUR
15300
15700
As % of EU-27 average:
56 %
65%
62,5%
Bulgaria
Romania
Poland
Latvia
Lituania
Hungary
Estonia
Slovakia
Czech R
Slovenia
GDP/
head,
PPS
2
The geographical
area of the country
NUTS 2 level:
regions (7)
NUTS3: 19 counties, NUTS 4: microregions
PPS,
EUR/
head
2005
% of the
EU-25
average,
2005
PPS,
EUR/
head
2007
1. Central Hungary
18,374
89.7
25,662
103,1
164%
2. Central Transdanubia
10,706
52.3
14,529
58,3
93%
3. Western Transdanubia
12,362
60.4
15,331
61,6
98,1
4. South Transdanubia
8,470
41.4
10,666
42,8
68,3
5. North Hungary
7,392
36.1
10,028
40,3
64,2
6. North Great Plain
7,436
36.3
9,841
39,5
63,0
7. South Great Plain
8,075
39.4
10,432
41,9
3
66,8
NUTS 2 Regions
% of the EU- % of
HU
27 average,
2007
averag
e
GDP
• 2002: Large disparities
(range: 31,6 % to 123 %
of EU-25, 48% to190%
(Bp!) of Hu average)
• Budapest – rest of
country duality
GDP/head, % of
EU-27, 2006
73,2
62,9
50,6
65,6
61,7%
46,1
39,6
43,0
46,0
31,5
140,4
54,5
42,1
43,7
41,5
33,6
45,9
36,6
42,3
47,1
141%
54-73 %
44-54 %
37-44 %
31-37 %
Regional disparities
have grown (2006)
Range: 31,5 %141% (Bp!) of EU27, 50%-220% of
Hu average
4
Urban and rural microregions
Urban
Urban
Rural micror
Rural
Towns above 20 000 heads
Development poles
Region boundary
Budapest agglomeration 5
Unemployment as % of working age
population, 2003
Agricultural
employment as % of
working age population
6
Activity rate, HU AVG: 62%
Activity,
employment,
2007-2008
70
16
60
14
50
40
12
10
8
30
20
6
4
2
0
0
C
C
e
en ntr
tra al
H
W l Tr U
es an
S o t T sd
ut ran
h
Tr sd
a
N N o n sd
or rth
th
H
So G U
H ut Pla
UN G in
G Pla
AR i n
Y
av
g
10
Active population as % of 15-64 yr old
Unemployment rate %
Employment rate %
Hungary, labour market
Employment
rate 2007
Employment
rate 2008
Unemployme
nt rate 2007
Unemployme
nt rate 2008
7
Transport infrastructure
Motorway access
Problem:
• Nodal structure – all
roads lead to Budapest
• Same for rails
8
Territorial development policies in Hungary
Legal background
• Act XXI of 1996 on Regional Development and Spatial Planning, amended:
1999, 2004
• National Regional Development Concept (NRDC) approved by Parliament in
1998 (revised every 6 years)
• National Development Concept (NDC) – National Development Plans
(National Strategic Reference Framework of Hungary)
• 1st National Development Plan: 2004-2006
• New Hungary Development Plan (2nd National Development Plan):20072013
• National Rural Development Programmes (NRDP 2004-2006, New
Hungary Rural Development Programme 2007-2013)
• National Tourism Strategy 2005-2013
The strategic objectives of national regional policy:
• growth
• a more balanced spatial structure by reducing territorial
disparities
– East and West,
– Budapest and rest of the country
How: regional growth poles, utilisation of natural resources,
environmental values, development of tourism
9
First National Development Plan
(2004-2006)
main objective:
‘to reduce the considerable shortfall of per capita GDP level
compared to the EU average’.
4 priorities indicating the directions of intervention:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Improving the competitiveness of the productive sector,
Increasing employment and developing human resources,
Better infrastructure and a cleaner environment,
Strengthening regional and local potentials.
5 operational programmes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Agricultural and Rural Development OP (P1) - ARDOP
Economic Competitiveness OP (P1) - ECOP
Human Resources Development OP (P2) - HRDOP
Environmental Protection and Infrastructure OP (P3) -EIOP
OP for Regional Development (P4) – OP RD
10
Funding of Operational
Programmes
National Development Plan I (2004-2006):
• 1995 million EUR from Structural Funds)
• + 1132 million EUR Cohesion Fund
• = 3127 million total
• New Hungary Development Plan (20072013): 22400 million EUR (6
convergence regions + Central HU)
• New Hungary Rural Development Programme:
approx 3 000 million EUR
11
NH Rural Development
Programme
end of 2008. total expenditure
84,8 billion HUF (330 m EUR)
12
The New Hungary Development
Plan, 2007-2013
Situation analysis – Main problems
1. The growth of the economy implies structural risks
(labour productivity growth but macro vulnerability, dependence on imported energy)
2. Low level of activity and stagnating employment
3. Dual economic structure (Budapest vs regional disparities)
4. The transport system needs development
5. Change for market economy with social sacrifices
6. Environmental values, and high risks
7. Increasing regional differences
8. The role of the state needs rethinking
13
The New Hungary Development Plan, The
Development Strategy
Overall Objectives:
1. extending employment
–
–
–
increasing supply of workforce: improving the employability of the individual;
increasing demand for workforce: creating jobs;
creating an employment environment that co-ordinates supply and demand.
2. creating the conditions for long term growth.
–
–
–
improving competitiveness;
widening the economic basis;
improving the business environment, including improved access, and improved
regulatory environment, increased efficiency of state services
4 pillars:
• Economic and social cohesion by focusing on competitiveness.
• Human-resource development by lifelong learning and innovation (to the
needs of the labour market).
• Territorial and regional development by focus on spatial development in
specific areas: Lake Balaton, Tisza and Danube; border areas; decentralised
regional development
• Sustainable development by focusing on the long term impact of major
projects.
14
Thematic and regional priorities
Structure of the Operational Programmes 2007-2013
Priorities
Operational programmes
1. Economic development
Economic Development OP
2. Transport development
Transport OP
3. Social renewal
Social Renewal OP
Social Infrastructure OP
4. Environment and energy developments
Environment and Energy OP
5. Regional development
West Pannon OP
Central Transdanubia OP
South Transdanubia OP
South Great Plain OP
North Great Plain OP
North Hungary OP
Central Hungary OP
6. State reform
State Reform OP
Electronic Public Administration OP
Coordination and communication of the New Implementation OP
Hungary Development Plan
15
Financial allocation, billion HUF, %
Total: 685,4 bill HUF (appr. 2500 mill EUR) +
Eur Territorial Coop: 106.8 bill HUF
NHDP-Operational programmes, 2007-2013
State Reform OP; 40.9; 1%
Central Hungary OP; 419.0;
6%
Electronic Public
Administration OP; 99.8; 1%
Implementation OP; 87.2; 1%
North Hungary OP; 249.9; 4%
Economic Development OP;
690.0; 10%
North Great Plain OP; 269.6;
4%
South Great Plain OP; 207.1;
3%
South Transdanubia OP;
195.0; 3%
Transport OP; 1703.2; 24%
Central Transdanubia OP;
140.5; 2%
West Pannon OP; 128.3; 2%
Environment and Energy OP;
1140.0; 17%
Social Renewal OP; 966.0;
14%
Social Infrastructure OP;
538.9; 8%
16
Allocated support, m EUR
support EUR/ head
NYDOP(West
Transdanubia)
KDOP
(Centrral
Transdanubia)
KMOP
(Central
Hungary)
ÉMOP (North
Hungary)
ÉAOP (North
Great Plain)
DDOP (South
Transdanubia)
Requested support, m EUR
GDP/fő EUR
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
1 800
1 600
1 400
1 200
1 000
800
600
400
200
0
DAOP(South
ern Great
Plain)
EUR, million EUR
Funding by regional OP-s 2009, November
GDP/head,PPS
17
Main touristic regions in Hungary
•
•
•
•
•
Budapest and surroundings
Balaton
Pannonia
Puszta (Great Plain) and lakeTisza
Eger- Tokaj hilly wine region (North Hungary)
18
Forrásallokáció,
Magyarország,
2007-2013
EU források
Kohéziós Alap
Konvergencia
Regionális
Versenykép. és
foglalkoztatás
(Közép-Mo.)
Területi együttműködés
Összesen
Az ÚMFT prioritásai
Operatív Programok
Gazdaságfejlesztés
Gazdaságfejlesztés
GOP
Közlekedésfejlesztés
Közlekedés OP
KÖZOP
Társ. megújulás
TAMOP
Millió euro
A társadalom
megújulása
Társ. infrastruktúra
TIOP
7 589
Környezet- és
energiafejlesztés
Környezet és
energia
KEOP
Államreform OP
ÁROP
Elektronikus
közigazgatás OP
EKOP
Nyugat-dunántúli
NYDOP
Dél-alföldi
DAOP
Észak-alföldi
EAOP
Közép-magyaro.-i
KMOP
Észak-magyaro-i
EMOP
Közép-dunántúli
KDOP
Dél-dunántúli OP
DDOP
12 654
1 860
Államreform
Területfejlesztés
összesen 1.770 Mrd Ft
344
22 452
Forrás: Európai Bizottság
ÚMFT koordinációja
és kommunikációja
Végrehajtás OP
19
VOP