Download Selling Your Ideas - VUFO

Timor-Leste
Experience on ODA & Aid Effectiveness
9-12 October 2007
The Central Asia, Southeast Asia and the
Pacific Regional Workshop on Aid
Effectiveness
Hanoi, Vietnam
Presentation by:
Palmira Pires
Director
ETDA, Timor-Leste
Overview
•
Timor-Leste:
•
Situated:
“Timor of the rising sun”
Eastern part of Timor Island
500 km across the Timor Sea is
Australia
•
It also includes the enclave of Oecussi (located in West Timor)
Facts and Figure
• Population: 1,084,971 (Estimated)
• Rural population: 90%
• Language Literacy:
Tetun: 82%
Portuguese: 5%
Indonesian: 43%
English: 2%
Gender: 49% Male, 51% Female
Youth (Age below 33): 51%
Land Area: 15,007 sq km
Source: The World Factbook – Timor-Leste
Language & Administrative division
• 12 main ethnic groups, each with its own
language ie:
Tetun, Mambae, Tokodede, Kemak,
Galolen,Idate, Waimu’a, Naueti, Laka’ale,
Bunak, Makasae and fataluku, Makalero,
Baikeno
• Timor-Leste comprises of 13 districts, 67 subdistricts (postos), 442 villages (sucos) and
2,336 sub-villages (aldeias)
History
• 450 years under Portuguese colony
• 3.5 years under Japanese invasion (World War
II)
• 24 years under Indonesia (Order Baru)
• 2 years under UN Transitional Administration
(UNAMET/UNTAET/UNMISET)
• Restoration of Independence, 20 May 2002
• Currently led by the 4th Constitutional
Government
Non- State Actors
• Religious organizations
• Mass organizations
• Cultural and traditional associations
• Community and sports organizations
• Development organizations and self-help
groups referred as NGOs
Indonesian period
- Indigenous political associations
survived underground or were
incorporated into Indonesian
organizations
- Clandestine organizations operated
under CNRT (National Council of the
Timorese Resistance)
Catholic Church
• 98% population is
Catholic
• Constitution praises
merits of the Church in
its Preamble but does
not favour any religion
• Church has
communication and
social service network
Civil Society
There is a total of 467 local and international
organizations in Timor-Leste in which 83% are
local organizations. Most of the organizations
are based in Dili.
• 369 Local NGOs
• 18 National NGOS
• 80 International NGOS
Role of Civil Society
• Monitoring
• Advocacy
• Education
• Agriculture
• Advisory services on
human rights, justice and
peace, gender
awareness, environment
and emergency
assistance
Timor-Leste ODA Experience
In 2004
• GDP is USD 366
• Unemployment 55% nationwide, 20% capital
Dili
• >10,000 young people join the labour market
every year
• Inflation fell 1.8% in 2004 and is expected to
remain at round 2.4%
• Growth in GDP is low at 1.8%
Timor-Leste ODA Experience
(cont…)
Government records reveal that
Timor-Leste received a total of
USD 2,314,495,641
from 1999 to 2007
This figure represents both the security
(military), emergency and development
assistance to the country
•
Source :figures gather from the Registry of External Assistance of the Government of Timor-Leste as of
28th September 2007
Timor-Leste ODA Experience
(cont…)
Funding breakdown:
Total Funding (US$)
Country (28)
Institutions (26)
Total
1,949,663,249
364,832,391
2,314,495,640
East Timor Development Agency
(ETDA)
• Established in 2000
• Non-governmental organization
• Led by Timorese
• Development of human resources
through training, employment and
business centres
ETDA experience with Aid
Assistance
Since its establishment, ETDA received funding
Funding approved (US$)
Country (4)
969,112
Institutions (3)
179,671
Total
1 148 783
(To date ETDA has received only 64% of the total approved funding)
ETDA experience with Aid
Assistance (cont..)
2500000000
2000000000
1500000000
28 count ries
26 Inst it ut ions
1000000000
500000000
0
Aid
ETDA
ETDA received 0.000496% of total Aid Assistance in Timor-Leste
ETDA experience with Aid
Assistance (cont..)
ETDA allocated Aid Assistance to:
• Institution building
• Capacity building
ETDA experience with Aid
Assistance (cont..)
Aid Assistance from donors based in the country
ETDA experience with Aid
Assistance (cont..)
Aid Assistance from donors outside the country
ETDA experience with Aid
Assistance (cont..)
Results
• Ownership (organization is
run and led by Timorese)
• Equal partnership (act as
adviser to international
organizations on local
issues)
• Sustainability
• Sharing resources (support
other non-government
organizations including
government in sharing
resources)
Results
• International organization facilitated Timorese
technical assistance from abroad
• Timorese technical assistance from abroad
acted as bridge between donor community and
local Timorese
• Ownership of the project
• Transference of skills
• Long term commitment
Challenges
• Lack of accountability of international partners’
organizations
• Lack of communication
• Inequality in sharing information
• Competition between international organizations in
bidding for projects
• Difficulties in creating new programs
• Difficulty in starting on equal ground with
international organizations in implementing NEW
projects
Recommendations
• Donors to provide an endowment fund to local
organizations
• Beneficiaries of the project to evaluate the
project
• Create a transparency mechanism where the
international institutions must be accountable to
present the results of the project to the
beneficiaries, not just to donors
• Be able to access information of projects
implemented in the country on an annual basis
Recommendations (cont..)
• Support local media to monitor aid projects
• Create a mechanism for the return of
professional technical assistance to their
developing countries
And most importantly
• Aid assistance should not be tied with political
decisions of the country
Obrigadu Barak!
Thank You